Successive Givens rotations eliminate entries below a matrix diagonal. If their product is and is upper triangular, thenis a QR decomposition.
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Givens rotation is a mathematical technique used in linear algebra for rotating vectors in two-dimensional space. It is particularly useful in the context of QR decomposition, a method for factorizing a matrix into the product of an orthogonal matrix (Q) and an upper triangular matrix (R). A Givens rotation is defined by a rotation matrix that can be constructed using two elements \( (a, b) \) of a vector or matrix.