The voltage changes perpendicular to the current when magnetic field is applied.

An intuitive video is:

The key formula for it is:where:

Applications:

Other more precise non-classical versions:

Bibliography:

This is the true key question: what are the most important algorithms that would be accelerated by quantum computing?

Some candidates:

Do you have proper optimization or quantum chemistry algorithms that will make trillions?

Maybe there is some room for doubt because some applications might be way better in some implementations, but we should at least have a good general idea.

However, clear information on this really hard to come by, not sure why.

Whenever asked e.g. at: physics.stackexchange.com/questions/3390/can-anybody-provide-a-simple-example-of-a-quantum-computer-algorithm/3407 on Physics Stack Exchange people say the infinite mantra:

Lists:

For numerical algorithms and to get a more low level understanding of the equations, we can expand all terms to the simpler and more explicit form:

Uses the frequency of the hyperfine structure of caesium-133 ground state, i.e spin up vs spin down of its valence electron $6s^1$, to define the second.

International System of Units definition of the second since 1967, because this is what atomic clocks use.

TODO why does this have more energy than the hyperfine split of the hydrogen line given that it is further from the nucleus?

Why caesium hyperfine structure is used:

Physics (like all well done science) is the art of predicting the future by modelling the world with mathematics.

And predicting the future is the first step towards controlling it, i.e.: engineering.

Ciro Santilli doesn't know physics. He writes about it partly to start playing with some scientific content for: OurBigBook.com, partly because this stuff is just amazingly beautiful.

Ciro's main intellectual physics fetishes are to learn quantum electrodynamics (understanding the point of Lie groups being a subpart of that) and condensed matter physics.

Every science is Physics in disguise, but the number of objects in the real world is so large that we can't solve the real equations in practice.

Luckily, due to emergence, we can use uglier higher level approximations of the world to solve many problems, with the complex limits of applicability of those approximations.

Therefore, such higher level approximations are highly specialized, and given different names such as:

As of 2019, all known physics can be described by two theories:

Unifying those two into the theory of everything one of the major goals of modern physics.

Ciro Santilli often wonders to himself, how much of the natural sciences can one learn in a lifetime? Certainly, a very strong basis, with concrete experimental and physics, chemistry and biology should be attainable to all? How much Ciro manages to learning and teach in those areas is a kind of success metric of Ciro's life.

As well put by Wikipedia, a radio receiver has to perform three functions on the signal from the antenna: