Piezoelectric, and notably used in quartz clock.

Instrumentation in petrochemical industries refers to the use of various devices and systems that measure, monitor, and control processes involved in the production, refining, and distribution of petrochemicals. This field is critical to ensuring the efficient, safe, and environmentally responsible operation of petrochemical facilities. Key aspects of instrumentation in the petrochemical industry include: 1. **Measurement**: Instruments such as flow meters, pressure gauges, temperature sensors, and level indicators are used to measure key process variables.

NORBIT is a term that can refer to different things depending on the context, so it's important to clarify. Here are a few possibilities: 1. **NORBIT ASA**: This is a Norwegian technology company that specializes in providing advanced solutions and services for various sectors, including marine, energy, and utilities. They focus on developing software and hardware solutions for data collection, processing, and visualization.

Arthur Butz is an American electrical engineer and a professor emeritus at Northwestern University. He is widely known for his controversial views on the Holocaust and is a Holocaust denier. Butz authored a book titled "The Hoax of the Twentieth Century," published in 1976, where he argues against the occurrence of the Holocaust, which has been widely discredited and condemned. His views and writings are not supported by credible historians and are rejected by the vast majority of the academic community.

Daniela L. Rus is a prominent computer scientist and researcher, best known for her work in robotics, artificial intelligence, and computer science. She serves as the Director of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Her research interests include mobile robotics, autonomous systems, and human-robot interaction. Rus has made significant contributions to the development of algorithms for robotic systems, including work on self-reconfigurable robots and robot learning.

Several computer companies were disestablished in 2022 due to various reasons, such as mergers, acquisitions, or business failures. Here are a few examples: 1. **Intel's NUC Group** - Intel announced it would discontinue its NUC (next unit of computing) business, which focused on compact PCs. 2. **Mellanox Technologies** - Although acquired earlier, the Mellanox brand was officially retired and absorbed into NVIDIA after its acquisition in 2020.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2023, there were no widely reported computer companies that were disestablished in that year. However, it's important to note that information might change over time, and there could be smaller or less publicized companies that ceased operations.

Here are some computer companies that were disestablished or ceased operations in 2019: 1. **Steinberg Media Technologies** - Known for its music production software, Steinberg was sold and restructured, leading to the discontinuation of some of its operations. 2. **Woot** - Originally known for its deals on computer hardware and gadgets, Woot was absorbed into Amazon, leading to a shift in its original operational model.