Spontaneous emission is a process by which an excited quantum system, such as an atom or a molecule, loses energy and transitions to a lower energy state without external influence. During this transition, the system emits a photon, which carries away energy and momentum. Key characteristics of spontaneous emission include: 1. **Randomness**: The process is inherently stochastic, meaning it occurs at random times and cannot be predicted exactly.
Olivetti S.p.A. is an Italian company known for its historic contributions to the office equipment and information technology sectors. Founded in 1908 by Camillo Olivetti in Ivrea, Italy, the company initially focused on producing typewriters and has since evolved into a manufacturer of a wide range of products, including calculators, printers, and computer hardware. Olivetti was particularly famous for its innovative designs and engineering, producing iconic typewriters and early computers that gained international recognition.
Pharmacological cardiotoxicity refers to the harmful effects that certain drugs can have on the heart and cardiovascular system. This can manifest as various types of cardiac dysfunction, including arrhythmias, heart failure, ischemia, or direct damage to heart tissues. Pharmacological cardiotoxicity can arise from: 1. **Chemotherapeutic Agents**: Certain cancer treatments, such as anthracyclines (e.g.
ANNINE-6plus is a fluorescent dye commonly used in biological and medical research, particularly in the field of cell biology. It is part of the family of merocyanine dyes, which are characterized by their ability to change fluorescence properties in response to the binding of ions or changes in the environment, such as membrane potential.
ArcLight is a genetically encoded fluorescent protein used in neuroscience and cellular biology to study neuronal activity. Developed as a tool for imaging and measuring membrane potential changes in live cells, ArcLight is engineered to provide a response to voltage changes across the cell membrane. When the membrane potential changes due to neuronal activity, ArcLight exhibits a corresponding change in its fluorescence properties. This allows researchers to visualize the electrical activity of neurons in real-time using fluorescence microscopy techniques.
Focused impedance measurement is a technique used primarily in the field of materials science and electrochemistry to assess the electrical properties of materials, especially in relation to their structure and surface characteristics. This method involves applying a small AC voltage to a sample and measuring the resulting current, allowing researchers to derive impedance data across a range of frequencies. The term "focused" typically indicates that the measurements are taken with a specific aim or to analyze a targeted area within the material or system under investigation.
The term "anthropomorphic polygon" isn’t widely established in mathematics or art; however, it can broadly refer to a polygon (a geometric shape with straight sides) that is designed or represented in such a way that it embodies human-like characteristics or attributes. In design, animation, and gaming, anthropomorphism is commonly used to give inanimate objects or animals human traits, emotions, or behaviors.
Triangles are three-sided polygons, which are fundamental shapes in geometry. They are defined by three vertices (corners) and three edges (sides), which connect the vertices. Each triangle has three angles, and the sum of the interior angles in any triangle is always 180 degrees.
MissingNo. (short for "Missing Number") is a glitch character from the Pokémon video game series, particularly known from the original Pokémon Red and Blue games released for the Game Boy in the 1990s. It is not an intended Pokémon, but rather a result of programming errors that occur in the game. MissingNo. arises when the game encounters data it doesn't recognize, often when the player performs certain actions that exploit bugs in the game's code.
Email filtering is the process of automatically sorting and managing incoming emails based on predefined criteria. This can help users organize their inboxes, prioritize messages, and reduce spam or unwanted emails. Email filtering can be applied using various methods, and it typically involves a set of rules or algorithms that evaluate incoming emails based on their content, sender, subject line, and other attributes.
A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is the complete domain name for a specific host or resource on the internet. An FQDN specifies its exact location within the Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy, and it includes the host name and the domain name, including all higher levels of the domain. An FQDN consists of: 1. **Host Name**: The specific name for a particular computer or device within the domain (e.g.
Computational physics by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
The intersection of two beautiful arts: coding and physics!
Computational physics is a good way to get valuable intuition about the key equations of physics, and train your numerical analysis skills:
Matter is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that focuses on the field of materials science. It publishes research articles, reviews, and other types of scholarly work that explore the properties, applications, and advancements in materials. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including but not limited to, nanomaterials, polymers, biomaterials, electronic materials, and composite materials.
"Progress in Materials Science" is a highly regarded journal that publishes comprehensive reviews and critical assessments in the field of materials science. It covers a wide range of topics, including the physical properties, synthesis, characterization, and applications of various materials. The aim of the journal is to provide a forum for the dissemination of significant advancements and developments in materials research.
Black Midi is a British band known for their experimental and avant-garde approach to rock music. Formed in London in 2017, they gained attention for their unique sound, which blends elements of math rock, noise rock, and free jazz, characterized by complex rhythms, intricate guitar work, and a dynamic range of musical styles. The band's name "Black Midi" is derived from a term in music technology, specifically referring to a type of MIDI file that contains a high density of musical notes.
"Engine Down" can refer to several different things depending on the context. Here are a few possible interpretations: 1. **Aviation**: In aviation terminology, "engine down" typically means that one of the engines on a multi-engine aircraft has failed or shut down. This can impact the aircraft's performance and may require the pilot to follow emergency procedures to ensure a safe landing.
"Lines Across Maps" typically refers to a concept or practice in cartography where lines are drawn across maps for various purposes, such as to represent boundaries, routes, or connections between different geographic points. This can include: 1. **Political Boundaries**: Lines indicating borders between countries or regions. 2. **Transportation Routes**: Lines showing roads, railways, and flight paths. 3. **Migration Patterns**: Arrows or lines representing the movement of people or animals across different areas.
As of my last update in October 2023, Yona-Kit appears to be a product or concept that may not have widespread recognition in conventional sources. Specific details might vary, and it could refer to a specialized kit or system related to technology, crafts, or other fields.
Off Minor is an American musical group known for its unique blend of post-hardcore and emo influences. Formed in the early 2000s, the band is recognized for its intricate song structures and emotionally charged lyrics. Off Minor has garnered a following in the underground music scene and is often associated with the "screamo" genre movement, characterized by dynamic shifts between melodic passages and aggressive vocal deliveries.
Youthmovies was a British post-rock band formed in 2000. They were known for their dynamic sound, combining elements of rock, math rock, and post-rock, and often incorporating complex arrangements and emotive vocals. The band's music features an eclectic mix of genres, with influences ranging from indie rock to experimental music. Youthmovies gained a following for their energetic live performances and critical acclaim for their recordings. They released several EPs and full-length albums before disbanding in 2008.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 2.
    You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either https://OurBigBook.com or as a static website
    .
    Figure 3.
    Visual Studio Code extension installation
    .
    Figure 4.
    Visual Studio Code extension tree navigation
    .
    Figure 5.
    Web editor
    . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
    Video 4.
    OurBigBook Visual Studio Code extension editing and navigation demo
    . Source.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact