Logic conferences refer to academic gatherings focused on the study and advancement of logic, which is a fundamental area in mathematics, philosophy, computer science, and related fields. These conferences often bring together researchers, educators, and students to present their findings, share ideas, and discuss current trends in various subfields of logic, such as: 1. **Mathematical Logic**: Including model theory, set theory, proof theory, and recursion theory.

Logic programming is a programming paradigm that is based on formal logic. In this paradigm, programs are expressed in terms of relations, represented as facts and rules, rather than through imperative commands that explicitly detail a sequence of operations. The central concept in logic programming is that of a logical statement, which can be expressed in terms of predicates and logical connectives.

A Horn clause is a special type of logical expression used in propositional logic and predicate logic that has important applications in computer science, particularly in logic programming and automated theorem proving. A Horn clause is defined as a disjunction of literals (which can be either a positive or negative atomic proposition) with at most one positive literal.

Ann-Sophie Barwich is known as a scientist and philosopher who specializes in the fields of cognitive science and philosophy of mind. She has explored topics related to perception, cognition, and the nature of consciousness. Barwich is particularly recognized for her interdisciplinary approach, bridging insights from neuroscience, philosophy, and even artificial intelligence.

Astatine is a radioactive element with the atomic number 85. It has several isotopes, most of which are unstable. The known isotopes of astatine range from Astatine-210 to Astatine-218, and they are primarily categorized by their mass numbers. The most significant isotopes include: 1. **Astatine-210 (At-210)**: This isotope has a half-life of about 8.

Brie Gertler is likely known for her contributions to philosophy, particularly in the fields of philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and metaphysics. She has contributed to discussions on topics such as consciousness, perception, and the nature of representation.

Eric T. Olson is an American philosopher, well-known for his work in the fields of metaphysics, philosophy of mind, and personal identity. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to debates concerning the nature of identity, the self, and the body. Olson is a proponent of the "animalism" view, which posits that humans are fundamentally biological organisms or animals rather than non-physical entities or mere bundles of psychological traits.

Evan Thompson is a Canadian philosopher and cognitive scientist known for his work in the areas of philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and philosophy of consciousness. He has contributed significantly to discussions on the nature of experience, the mind-body problem, and the implications of Eastern philosophy for Western thought, particularly regarding Buddhism and phenomenology. Thompson is also recognized for his interdisciplinary approach, drawing connections between cognitive science, philosophy, and the arts. He has authored several influential books and articles that explore these themes.

The Peano axioms, formulated by the Italian mathematician Giuseppe Peano in the late 19th century, are a set of axioms for the natural numbers. They are used to define the properties of natural numbers in a rigorous mathematical framework. The axioms provide a foundation for number theory and mathematics as a whole.

A SAT solver, or satisfiability solver, is a computational tool used to determine the satisfiability of propositional logic formulas. More specifically, it assesses whether there exists an assignment of truth values (true or false) to the variables of a given boolean formula such that the entire formula evaluates to true.

In computer science, particularly in the fields of logic programming, type inference, and automated reasoning, **unification** refers to the process of making two terms identical by finding a substitution for their variables. This concept is fundamental in various areas including: 1. **Logic Programming**: In languages like Prolog, unification is the mechanism used to match predicates and rules with arguments. When a rule is applied, unification determines what variable substitutions need to be made to make the terms match.

The Immerman–Szelepcsényi theorem is a result in computational complexity theory that establishes a relationship between two significant complexity classes: **NL** (nondeterministic logarithmic space) and **co-NL** (the complement of NL). Specifically, the theorem proves that these two classes are equal, i.e., \[ \text{NL} = \text{co-NL}.

Log probability refers to the logarithm of a probability value. In many contexts, probabilities are often very small numbers (between 0 and 1), which can make certain calculations cumbersome or lead to underflow issues in numerical computing. Taking the logarithm of probabilities can help mitigate these issues and provide some useful properties.

An And-inverter graph (AIG) is a directed acyclic graph (DAG) that is used in digital design and logic synthesis to represent Boolean functions. It is a particular type of binary decision diagram (BDD) where nodes correspond to AND operations and inverters (NOT operations), hence the name. In an AIG: 1. **Nodes**: The graph has two types of nodes: - **AND gates**: These nodes represent the logical AND operation.

Concurrency semantics refers to the set of principles and rules that govern the behavior of concurrent systems—systems where multiple processes or threads operate independently and potentially simultaneously. In computer science, particularly in the context of programming languages, operating systems, and distributed systems, concurrency semantics defines how operations interact when executed concurrently.

Proof-carrying code (PCC) is a formal method used in computer science, particularly in the field of software verification and security. The concept involves attaching a formal proof to a piece of code which guarantees that the code adheres to specific safety and security properties. Here’s a high-level overview of how it works: ### Key Concepts: 1. **Code and Proof**: When a developer writes code, they also generate a proof that the code satisfies certain properties.

George Johnson is an American writer and science journalist known for his work on topics related to science, especially space and the natural world. He has contributed to various publications, including The New York Times, and is recognized for making complex scientific concepts accessible to a general audience. One of his notable works is "Wonder of Wonders," which explores the wonders of the universe and our understanding of it. Johnson often emphasizes the importance of skepticism and critical thinking in scientific discourse.

Hans-Werner Bothe is a notable figure in the field of physics, particularly known for his research in the area of quantum optics. He has contributed to the understanding of the fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and light-matter interactions.

Hubert Dreyfus (1929–2017) was an influential American philosopher and a prominent figure in the fields of existentialism, phenomenology, and the philosophy of technology. He was best known for his critiques of artificial intelligence and his interpretations of the works of existentialist philosophers, particularly Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty.

As of my last update in October 2021, there isn't widely recognized information about someone named Jessica Wahman. It's possible that she could be a private individual or a rising figure in a specific field after that time. If you have more context about who she is or what she is associated with, I could provide better assistance.