Dilution refrigerator Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
This Is What A Helium Dilution refrigerator Is by Dietterich Labs (2019)
Source.
Dimension Updated 2025-07-16
Diophantine equation Updated 2025-07-16
Sometimes systems of Diophantine equations are considered.
Problems generally involve finding integer solutions to the equations, notably determining if any solution exists, and if infinitely solutions exist.
The general problem is known to be undecidable: Hilbert's tenth problem.
The Pythagorean triples, and its generalization Fermat's last theorem, are the quintessential examples.
Dipole antenna Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
Radio Wave Properties: Electric and Magnetic Dipole Antennae by Harvard Natural Sciences Lecture Demonstrations (2020)
Source. The dude lights bulbs on an antenna made of a single piece of copper, powered with EM radiation. Amazing.
Figure 1.
Dipole antenna receiver animation
. Source.
Figure 2.
Dipole antenna transmitter animation
. Source.
TODO: in high level terms, why is QED more general than just solving the Dirac equation, and therefore explaining quantum electrodynamics experiments?
Also, is it just a bunch of differential equation (like the Dirac equation itself), or does it have some other more complicated mathematical formulation, as seems to be the case? Why do we need something more complicated than
The main high level insight seems to be that The Dirac equation does not work for more than one electron.
Dirac Lagrangian Updated 2025-07-16
where:
Remember that is a 4-vetor, gamma matrices are 4x4 matrices, so the whole thing comes down to a dot product of two 4-vectors, with a modified by matrix multiplication/derivatives, and the result is a scalar, as expected for a Lagrangian.
Like any other Lagrangian, you can then recover the Dirac equation, which is the corresponding equations of motion, by applying the Euler-Lagrange equation to the Lagrangian.
TODO look into those more:
Major downsides that most of those personal knowledge databases have:
  • very little/no focus on public publishing, which is the primary focus of OurBigBook.com
  • either limited or no multiuser features, e.g. edit protection and cross user topics
  • graph based instead of tree based. For books we need a single clear ordering of a tree. Graph should come as a secondary thing through tags.
Project Gutenberg remove line breaks Updated 2025-07-16
Their txt formats are so crap!
E.g. for;
wget -O pap.txt https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1342.txt.utf-8
a good one is:
perl -0777 -pe 's/(?<!\r\n)\r\n(?!\r\n)( +)?/ /g' pap.txt
The ( +)? is for the endlessly many quoted letters they have, which use four leading spaces per line as a quote marker.
Proton VPN Updated 2025-07-16
Conda Updated 2025-07-16
Conda is like pip, except that it also manages shared library dependencies, including providing prebuilts.
This has made Conda very popular in the deep learning community around 2020, where using Python frontends like PyTorch to configure faster precompiled backends was extremely common.
It also means that it is a full package manager and extremely overbloated and blows up all the time. People should just use Docker instead for that kind of stuff: www.reddit.com/r/learnmachinelearning/comments/kd88p8/comment/keco07k/

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