Hamilton's equations by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Analogous to what the Euler-Lagrange equation is to Lagrangian mechanics, Hamilton's equations give the equations of motion from a given input Hamiltonian:
So once you have the Hamiltonian, you can write down this system of partial differential equations which can then be numerically solved.
Gamma by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
It is fun to see that C and G have been confused since antiquity:
  • the modern sound is G
  • in terms of modern letters, both C and G split from gamma
Psi (Greek) by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
As if it weren't enough, there's also a Cyrillic script psi that is slightly different. Life's great.
Gravity by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
In 2020 physics, best explained by general relativity.
TODO: does old Newtonian gravity give different force results than general relativity?
Gallium arsenide by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
This is apparently the most important III-V semiconductor, it seems to actually have some applications, see also: gallium arsenide vs silicon.
Matrix exponential by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Is the solution to a system of linear ordinary differential equations, the exponential function is just a 1-dimensional subcase.
Note that more generally, the matrix exponential can be defined on any ring.
The matrix exponential is of particular interest in the study of Lie groups, because in the case of the Lie algebra of a matrix Lie group, it provides the correct exponential map.
Video 1.
How (and why) to raise e to the power of a matrix by 3Blue1Brown (2021)
Source.

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