PROMYS Europe by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
European PROMYS offshoot hosted at the University of Oxford. Started in 2015.
The structure seems to be: come every day for 6 weeks, one problem sheet per day. Go.
Strongly against giving answer to problem sets... sad, as of 2024: promys-europe.org/students/faq (archive):
When do I get the solutions to the problems on the problem sets?
When you discover them for yourself: on your own or collaborating with other students. Returning students and counsellors and faculty will support and encourage you, but not by giving you the answers (hint: they don't even give hints). What PROMYS Europe does is offer you the tools and structure to enable you to be a creative mathematician.
and:
What rules are there at PROMYS Europe?
They're mostly the ones you'd expect: don't do anything dangerous or illegal, don't divide by zero, don't even try to skip Friday Fun, and don't give anyone solutions to the problem sets (though collaboration is definitely OK).
It does not seem to be the case for the American version however after a quick look: promys.org/programs/promys/for-students/faq/. Sad to see.
Also participants are strongly forbidden from sharing the problem sheets with anyone from outside the program. Ciro Santilli asked a participant face to face if he could take a look, but was told that they are not allowed to share it. So it is a very clear and strict order. Truly sad.
Fiber-optic communication by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Optical amplifier by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
These are closely related to lasers, as they do a similar basic job: take a DC source as input and amplify light. Lasers just happen to use the input voltage to also generate the incoming light.
GNU Multiple Precision Arithmetic Library by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Oxford past exam paper by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
They are apparently provided upon request as per various whatdotheyknow.com links, so it is quite stupid that they don't just publicly provide them therefore.
Undecidability requires infinitely many inputs by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
If there are infinitely many inputs, we can always construct a (potentially exponentially huge) Turing machine that hardcodes the outcome for every possible input, so the problem is never undecidable.
The problem is of course deciding and proving the outcome for each possible input, notably as it is possible that calculation for some of the inputs may be independent from ZFC.
Quasilinear time by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Arbitrary-precision arithmetic by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
MathOverflow by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Farey sequence by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
LightLogic by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Company founded by Marc Verdiell in his garage, and later acquired by Intel which was going on a optoelectronics buying spree. The division was later sold off in 2023 of course during more difficult times: www.theregister.com/2023/10/31/intel_silicon_photonics_jabil/
It's hard to understand exactly what the company did by Googling it nowadays. Sad and usual fate. Presumably something related to transceiver for fiber-optic communication. Only the patents remain: patents.google.com/?assignee=lightlogic&oq=lightlogic to tell its story to the brave.
Extracurricular school by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Time complexity by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
Problem set by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated +Created
www.quora.com/Is-MIT-the-only-place-where-homework-is-called-problem-sets
Terminology by location:
Places that say "problem set":Places that say "problem sheet":Places that say "example sheet":

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