Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Cryogenic electron microscopy, which was developped in the 70's.

For super-resolution microscopy.

This could have been a Nobel Prize in Physics as well!

For the discovery of green fluorescent protein.

To Peter D. Mitchell for the discovery of the mechanism of ATP synthesis in the mitochondria, a central part of cellular respiration.

Myoglobin structure resolution (1958) by X-ray crystallography.

This was almost a two-in-one Nobel for a single dude: both for chemical bond theory and secondary structure theories such as the alpha helix! A beast.

Official page: www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1954/summary

Gas chromatography.