Special Publication 811, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). Appendix B.8 supplies conversion factors; chapter 4 distinguishes base and derived units, and chapter 7 explains how to express a quantity value. The SI defining constants have since been updated; use The International System of Units (SI), ninth edition, SI Brochure for the current definitions.
Official NIST Special Publication 811, Chapter 8: www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811/nist-guide-si-chapter-8 . Section 8.7 distinguishes amplitude and power level ratios: field-amplitude levels use 20 log10 of the amplitude ratio in decibels, while power levels use 10 log10 of the power ratio. Equivalence requires the stated quadratic relationship. Section 8.6.7 defines mass density as mass divided by volume; this does not identify an unknown local boundary density from a specimen average.
National Bureau of Standards Monograph 8, issued 20 May 1960. Title-page authors: W. G. Brombacher, D. P. Johnson and J. L. Cross. Sections 5.1–5.3 distinguish adjustable and fixed cisterns; sections 8–10 treat capillarity, temperature and gravity corrections.
Sections on rock susceptibility and remanent or permanent magnetization distinguish mineralogical and cultural sources.
P/N 18103-02 Rev. C, 2015. Introduction and field-operation sections describe total-field measurement, magnetic cleanliness and gradient sensitivity.
Institutional guidance on measurement uncertainty. Sections 2–5 distinguish uncertainty evaluation from the physical classification of effects and combine uncertainty contributions; Appendix D.1 discusses systematic error and correction.
Sections 6.2–6.3 distinguish an expanded-uncertainty interval from an automatically justified confidence level. A coverage factor of two gives approximately 95 percent under a normal model when the combined standard uncertainty has negligible uncertainty; a precise confidence interpretation otherwise requires distributional information. [ref]
Appendix A.1 states that the measurement model should include corrections and all quantities contributing significant uncertainty, rather than express only a physical law. [ref]
Footnote 23 records the conventional standard acceleration .
Primary standards measurements of transport critical current, with specified temperature, magnetic field and electric-field criterion. NBS Special Publication 260-91 (1984). doi.org/10.6028/NBS.SP.260-91
Section 4.1: pickup-coil signal, vibration amplitude/frequency, calibration and synchronous detection. Manufacturer documentation for the instrumental principle.
The laboratory explains how conventional radiocarbon ages, historical half-life conventions and time-varying atmospheric ratios relate to calendar dating.
Publisher: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures.
Cited passages: International Bureau of Weights and Measures, SI Brochure, ninth edition: section 2.2, printed pp. 123–125 (defining constants and alpha relation); section 2.3.1, printed p. 128 (ampere, epsilon0 and mu0); 26th CGPM Resolution 1, printed p. 194 (20 May 2019 effective date).
Additional inspected version: 4.01, June 2026; 2019 remains the original ninth-edition publication year. BIPM issues and hosts the brochure. Inspected locators: English §2.3.4, printed pp. 132–134, discussion and Table 4, notes (b), (c) and (g).
Official NIST SP 330 parallel SI text: www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-330/sp-330-section-2 . Section2.3.4 gives coherent derived-unit identities, states that the IEC var is identical to the volt ampere in coherent SI units, and emphasizes that a unit alone does not identify the physical quantity.
Cited passages: Appendix 2, v1.02, 22 March 2021, §3.1, printed pp. 2–3: wavelength convention, normalized functions and interpolation; §3.1, equation (2), printed p. 3: spectral weighting normalized at the defining frequency; §3.1, printed p. 3: photopic and scotopic luminous efficiency functions.
Publisher: Dwyer Instruments, Inc..
Cited passages: Bulletin T-475-BK, p. 1: Specifications, Model Chart and ZERO instructions.
Publisher: PASCO scientific.
Cited passages: Experiment 1, printed page 5: tension and axial torque equations; page 8: apparatus subtraction; Experiment 1, printed pages 5–8: Figure 1.1, equipment, Part 2A linear fit, Part 2B and subtraction.
Publisher: PASCO scientific.
Cited passages: Product Summary, How it Works and Product Specifications.
Publisher: Randolph College physics teaching site.
Cited passages: Motion Sensor Setup, Setup paragraph and minimum-range paragraph.
Cited passages: Radiance definition and the hemispherical integration giving M = pi L, not 2 pi L.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Cited passages: Thomas C. Larason and Jeanne M. Houston, NIST SP 250-41 (2008), §§3.2, 4.2 and 7.2: apparatus, readouts and controls.
Additional verified locator in the existing2008edition nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication250-41e2008.pdf : §9.1, printed pp85–86 (PDF pages97–98),633nm linearity comparison and Figure9.2. The method uses a beam splitter and two photodiodes at about10:1 intensity, with a uniformly filled aperture; the report states geometry dependence.
Publisher: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures.
Cited passages: Definition: lumen per watt equals candela steradian per watt; Equivalent expression: one candela for radiant intensity (1/683) watt per steradian at the defining frequency; SI base unit: candela, defining constant and equivalent radiant intensity.
Publisher: International Commission on Illumination.
Cited passages: Definition, Notes 1–2 and 5: ratio of luminous to radiant flux, photometric condition and units; Luminous efficacy of radiation, Note 3: defining frequency, standard-air wavelength and distinction from the peak.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Cited passages: §§3.2–3.5.6, printed pp. 16–19, 22–28, 33–37: apparatus, dark subtraction, readout, corrections and check-lamp procedure.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Cited passages: Detector-based realization: filtered standard photometers; Detector-based realization: illuminance responsivity as the ratio of detector-weighted and visual-weighted spectral integrals; Detector-based realization: silicon photodiode, correction filter, precision aperture and radiometric traceability.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Cited passages: “Comparison with another calibrated thermometer at ambient temperature”, apparatus and steps 1–10; “Measurement at the steam point”, pressure and elevation correction.
Publisher: American Institute of Physics.
Published in Journal of Applied Physics.
Preprint (2018), for the journal article published in 2019: arxiv.org/html/1809.06934
Publisher: NETZSCH Analyzing & Testing.
This source is credited to an organization.
No publication date or named human author asserted.; Product marketing and numeric instrument performance claims are not adopted.; Heat-capacity constraint discussion follows existing heat-capacity definitions and the original energy balance, not a claim sourced to this manufacturer.
Published in Physical Review A 65, 033608.
Cited passages: §I, p. 033608-2; §III A 2, p. 033608-10, mass detection; §I, pp. 033608-1–2; §II E 1, p. 033608-6; §II F 1, p. 033608-7; §III A, p. 033608-9; §III B, pp. 033608-10–11.
Publisher: National Bureau of Standards.
Published in Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section A: Physics and Chemistry.
Cited passages: Stimson, §2, pp. 494–495, and §3, p. 495: corrections and suspected gas-bubble bias; Stimson, §§1–2, pp. 493–495: boiler, bridge thermometry, and fluid-head corrections.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
This source is credited to an organization.
Cited passages: CODATA electron mass: numerical value and 2022 adjustment label.
Publisher: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures.
Cited passages: Guide on Secondary Thermometry: Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers, §2.1, printed pp. 6–7: resistivity, electron scattering, and impurities; §4.1, printed pp. 24–26, equation (4.1.1): self-heating, two-current extrapolation, and medium dependence; §§1–2.2, printed pp. 5–11: industrial elements versus SPRTs and wire/film construction; §§4.4.1 and 4.4.3, printed pp. 30 and 32–33: two-wire inclusion of leads and four-wire exclusion.
The PDF was updated on 22 November 2021; the NIST catalogue gives a publication date of 18 January 2022. The Consultative Committee for Thermometry prepared the guidelines under the auspices of the International Committee for Weights and Measures.
Additional response-time locator: §4.3, printed pp. 28–30, equations 4.3.1–4.3.3, develops first-order response, its dependence on thermometer and medium, and a measured two-component response with distinct fast and slow time constants. www.bipm.org/documents/20126/41773843/BIPM_CCT_Guide_to_IPRTs.pdf/b3bd8bba-3b0b-ab46-481f-29ceddf7bb31?download=true&version=1.1
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Cited passages: A New NIST Automated Calibration System for Industrial-Grade Platinum Resistance Thermometers, §§3.1, 3.3 and 4.2, printed pp. 2–6: baths, readout, four-terminal devices and reversed current; §1, printed p. 2; §4.2, printed pp. 5–6; §5.4, printed p. 9: excluded effects, drift rejection, check thermometer, immersion and extra fit checks.
NISTIR 6225, published 1 September 1998.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
This source is credited to an organization.
Cited passages: Platinum Resistance Thermometers, opening explanation: SPRTs as ITS-90 interpolation tools; Platinum Resistance Thermometers, opening explanation: conventional 100-ohm element at 0 °C.
Page created 14 December 2011; updated 16 April 2024. The creation timestamp is not an independently established first-publication date.
Publisher: National Instruments Corporation.
This source is credited to an organization.
Manual 373344A-01, released October 2002.
Publisher: National Instruments Corporation.
This source is credited to an organization.
Manual 371074C-01, July 2006 revision; copyright 2002–2006.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
This source is credited to an organization.
Page created 5 May 2009; updated 16 December 2025. The creation timestamp is not an independently verified first-publication date.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
This source is credited to an organization.
Cited passages: Description, Design Parameters for Improved ACR Sensitivity; Key Design Features: conical receiver, coating, constant-temperature loop and thin-walled Kapton link; Key Design Features, final paragraph: response time proportional to receiver heat capacity and inverse thermal conductance.
Page created 14 August 2015; updated 10 April 2025. These are web timestamps, not an independently verified initial apparatus-publication date.
Publisher: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Published in Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 106(4), 641–647.
Cited passages: §§2–3, printed pp. 642–643: apparatus, wavelengths, readout and the two substitution protocols; §§3–5, printed pp. 643–646, especially Tables 2–3 and spatial-uniformity checks.
Publisher: Vernier.
Manufacturer-issued instrument documentation. No personal byline or document date verified; website footer copyright is not a publication date.
Cited passages: Calibration: station pressure and one-point reference; Specifications: internal volume; How the Sensor Works: vacuum-referenced membrane and absolute-pressure output.
Published in Nature 510, 518–521.
Cited passages: Main text pp. 3–5 and Fig. 1 caption p. 21; Main text pp. 3–5; Methods pp. 13–14; Fig. 1 caption p. 21; Main text pp. 5–6; Methods pp. 14–18; Table 1, p. 27.
Published in Optics Letters 38(20), 4248–4251.
Experimental article jointly credited to Paul A. Williams, Joshua A. Hadler, Robert Lee, Frank C. Maring and John H. Lehman. Journal publication is 15 October 2013 in Optics Letters 38(20), pp. 4248–4251; NIST hosts the manuscript and bibliographic record rather than replacing the human byline.
Experimental article jointly credited to Paul A. Williams, Joshua A. Hadler, Robert Lee, Frank C. Maring and John H. Lehman. Journal publication is 15 October 2013 in Optics Letters 38(20), pp. 4248–4251; NIST hosts the manuscript and bibliographic record rather than replacing the human byline.
Cited passages: Williams and collaborators, Use of radiation pressure for measurement of high-power laser emission, equation (1): force expressed using intercepted optical power and the incidence-angle cosine; Williams and collaborators, pp. 2–3, Figures 1–3 and equation (2): preparation, apparatus and readout; Williams and collaborators, pp. 2–4, Figures 3, 5–7: calibration limits, angle and absorber controls, and reported slope discrepancy.
New Jersey Institute of Technology ECE 291 laboratory guide. No individual author or document date is established. Its prelaboratory numerical examples are hypothetical, rather than measured input impedances.
Cited passages: Lab 7: Input Impedance of an Oscilloscope and the Scope Probe, Introduction, Figure 5 and probe adjustment; Laboratory §1(a)–(c).
NIST demonstration description uploaded on 21 December 2016. The preparation description was inspected; video playback is not claimed.
Cited passages: Triple-Point Cell, preparation description, uploaded 21 December 2016.
Experimental journal article published in 1997 and credited in print to G. T. Furukawa, B. W. Mangum and G. F. Strouse. The full names correspond to George T. Furukawa, Billy W. Mangum and Gregory F. Strouse. NIST hosts the article and its publication record.
Cited passages: Furukawa, Mangum and Strouse, Effects of different methods of preparation of ice mantles of triple point of water cells on the temporal behaviour of the triple-point temperatures (1997), Abstract, §1 and §§3.2–3.5: aged reference, inner melt, bridge readout, zero-power and hydrostatic corrections.
Resolution 1 adopted by the 26th CGPM in 2018, with the revised definitions effective on 20 May 2019. The CGPM is the issuer and BIPM the host. Adoption, implementation and brochure publication are different dates.
Cited passages: Resolution 1 of the 26th CGPM (2018), effective date; Appendix 2, third bullet; Appendix 3, kelvin definition.
NISTIR 5375, issued by National Institute of Standards and Technology in February 1994, reprinting ISA paper 93-091, printed pp. 299–320. The reprinted paper bears an ISA 1993 copyright; this is distinct from the NIST report publication.[ref]
Cited passages: printed pp. 313–316, Pycnometer Calibration, Figure 5 and Pycnometer Application: calibration and correction for bath-versus-weighing temperature; printed p. 315: tin-oxide charge precaution, no detected charge, and pycnometer data not yet analyzed.
MicroscopyU educational article published by Nikon Instruments Inc.. The Contributing Authors byline names both authors; no article publication date is established.
Cited passages: Stage Micrometers; Eyepiece Reticle Calibration, Figure 4 and procedure; Conclusions, line-edge errors and digital calibration at identical pixel resolution.
By Joel B. Fowler. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, volume 100, issue 5, pp. 591–599, September–October 1995. Accepted 21 July 1995. NIST is the institutional issuer and the author’s affiliation.
The journal issue dates are used for publication; the catalogue’s 1 January 1995 timestamp is not the journal publication date. Its 17 February 2017 update dates the catalogue page.
Cited passages: §§2–3, printed pp. 592–593; §4.1 and Table 1, p. 594; §4.3 and Table 2, p. 595; About the author, p. 599.
By Simon Foner. Review of Scientific Instruments, volume 30, issue 7, pp. 548–557, July 1959. The first-page byline gives Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology as the author’s affiliation; it is not an institutional-author credit.
The scan host is w2agz.com, distinct from the journal and author.
Cited passages: p. 548: title, byline, venue and July 1959 publication metadata; pp. 549–550, §I and Figs. 1–2: perpendicular sample motion, loudspeaker drive, reference/sample pickup coils and positioning; p. 553, §IV and Fig. 9: null comparison and voltage-divider readout; p. 554, §§V.A–B: nickel saturation standard, position/shape limits, thermal noise and sample-removed holder correction; p. 556, §V.G and §VI.A.1: mechanical coupling, weighed specimen glued to mount and moment measurement. The inspected material is PDF text; figure pixels were not successfully inspected.
Institutional manual issued and hosted by Stanford Research Systems, with SRS, Inc. printed on the cover. Revision 2.5, October 2011; the printed copyright years 1993 and 2011 are distinct from this revision date. No personal author is credited.
Cited passages: cover, imprint and revision; printed pp. 3-1–3-2, multiplication, synchronization, narrow-band detection, X and Y outputs and magnitude; p. 3-3, RMS or Peak? and Degrees or Radians?; pp. 3-11–3-12, time constants, roll-off, synchronous filters and settling; pp. 3-13–3-14, output normalization and displays.
Corporate technical note issued by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K., document KIRD9005E. No personal author or chapter byline is credited.
Information current as of May 2024, as printed on p. 6; this is not established as the first publication date. Hamamatsu Photonics hosts the document.
Cited passages: p. 2, §2 Structure: membrane absorber, reference junction locations and nonuniform temperatures; p. 2, Eq. (2-1): sum of thermocouple voltages; p. 3, §3-1 Sensitivity, Eq. (3-1): uniform illumination and localized spots; p. 3, §3-2 Noise, Eq. (3-2): resistance, absolute temperature and bandwidth; p. 6, institutional contact and information-current-as-of statement.
Laboratory instructions issued by Physikalisches Grundpraktikum, Universität Leipzig and hosted on the university website. No individual author or instructor is credited. No publication or revision date is established.
Cited passages: PDF p. 1, Tasks 1 and 4 and instruments; pp. 5–6, Measurement of impedances and Figure 5; p. 6, final RC comparison instructions.
Technical note issued and hosted by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K.. No individual author is credited. Page 17 states that the information is current as of December 2025; this is an information-currency date, not an established first-publication date.
Cited passages: pp. 2–3, §§1-1–1-2; p. 6, §§2-3–2-4; p. 7, §2-6; p. 9, §3-1 and Figure 3-1; p. 17, issuer and date statement.
Technical document issued and hosted by Thorlabs. No individual author or publication or revision date is established. Indexed primary-document excerpts were inspected; direct opening returned an empty vendor page.
Cited passages: p. 7 of 12, Experimental Design — Noise Floor, and labelled apparatus schematic.
Additional indexed primary-document locator: Experimental Limitations, pp. 11–12. The indexed passage concerns one FDS100 silicon photodiode under continuous-wave illumination; its scope should be retained when interpreting the reported observations. The full vendor PDF remained unreadable through the browser used for this inspection.
Technical document issued and hosted by Thorlabs. No individual author or publication or revision date is established. The 2020 URL component identifies an archive path, not a verified publication year. Indexed primary-document excerpts were inspected; direct opening returned an empty vendor page.
Cited passages: Lab Facts, Photodiode Saturation Limit and Noise Floor, Figures 1–3; Dark Current as a Function of Temperature, Experimental Setup and Experimental Limitations.
Institutional laboratory protocol issued by UNSW School of Physics, in Physclips. The page heading is Measuring velocities using the Doppler Shift; its HTML title is Doppler Effect Laboratory. No individual author byline or reliable publication or revision date is established. A feedback contact is not treated as an author.
Cited passages: Introduction, Figures 1–2; Circular Motion, Measurements 1–6 and Analysis; Linear Motion: Bicycle, Moving Source, Plot Spectrum and Peak readout. The article uses the moving-source protocol; the page’s moving-observer velocity inversion is not adopted.
Department-issued guide, revised 3 September 2013; MIT OpenCourseWare hosting course 2016–2017.
Cited passages: pp. 4–10, equations 6–13, Figure 5, §IV.2. Teaching protocol.

Constants of Spectral Radiation of a Uniformly Heated Inclosure or So-Called Black Body, I by William Weber Coblentz (January 1914)

0 0
By William Weber Coblentz. Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards 10, 1–78; Scientific Paper 204; published January 1914. Cited apparatus: pp. 15, 19–21.
nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/bulletin/10/nbsbulletinv10n1p1_A2b.pdf
By Albert Abraham Michelson. University of Chicago Press, 1903; lectures 1899; preface October 1902. Editor: C. R. Mann.
Cited experimental account: Figures 70–77.
By Manuel Brando. Review of Scientific Instruments 80, 095112 (2009). Inspected arXiv v1, 27 October 2009; its displayed 2018 datestamp differs from submission and journal publication.
Physical Review 2, 109–143 (1913). Inspected Saarland reproduction, pp. 109–118.
Physical Review, series I, 32, 349–397 (1911). Inspected indexed primary excerpts, pp. 352–353 and 397, in Bibnum reproduction.
NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory. Institutional isotope mass data. Webpage publication date unestablished.
Institutional definition webpage. Webpage publication date unestablished.
NBS Technical Note 399. This edition was issued in April 1971; the catalogue separately lists 1969.
Authored Nobel lecture. Nobel Foundation.
Reviews of Modern Physics 78, 1279–1295. Published individual Nobel lecture version.
Authored Nobel lecture. Nobel Foundation.
Proceedings of the IEEE 79(7), 936–942.
Journal of Applied Physics 46(6), 2774–2780.
Science 176(4032), 284–285.
J. Res. NIST 124, 124020.
Instron. Manufacturer instrument page. Webpage publication date unestablished.
Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 20, 698–704. The experiment varies electrode gap and irradiation timing to investigate ion recombination and saturation.
Determination of Metals in Ambient Particulate Matter Using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Spectroscopy. Section 3.1 and Figure 1 describe the source and torch.
Experiment description of collecting stored electron and positron plasmas and inferring their particle number.
Journal of Research of NIST 95, 255–290 (1990), DOI 10.6028/jres.095.028. Author and abstract: constant-volume gas thermometry, precision manometer, thermal expansion and comparison with IPTS-68.
By Henry Cavendish. Philosophical Transactions 88, 469–526.
Official original-paper archive verified. Old University of Florida PDF URL returned 404. Original goal mean Earth density; do not label his own reported quantity as a direct modern G measurement.
Original letter in English translation inspected, Florence 11 June 1644. Linked source identifies 1919 collected works and Magie 1935 reproduction; translator not established. Includes equal-height test for different upper-space volumes and mercury/water density comparison.
Revision B, page 10: Theory of Operation and Mechanical Sensor.
Nature Physics 3, 227–234. DOI: 10.1038/nphys566. The author preprint describes resonant-light/atomic-vapor magnetic sensing and applications.
Locator: Low-g Accelerometer, Newton's second law, spring/proof-mass construction and capacitive displacement readout. Corporate page identifies Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd.; no individual byline asserted.
Institutional metrology documentation. FAQ, “When did the metric redefinition of the inch occur?”: exact 25.4 mm conversion, derivation from the yard and the 1959 United States effective date.
Institutional laboratory description: absolute ballistic gravimetry derives local gravitational acceleration from interferometrically measured vertical trajectories. Environmental corrections include vibrations and tidal perturbations; no current performance superlative adopted.
Manufacturer primary documentation states that water flow and temperature are monitored to determine incident power. Relevant indexed publisher text was retrieved; direct page fetch returned 403. No product performance specification or recommendation adopted. The article uses a hypothetical flow/temperature example and its own steady energy balance.
Official measurement manual. Chapter 12, Discharge Measurements Using Tracers, section 7, Tracer-Dilution Methods: www.usbr.gov/tsc/techreferences/mands/wmm/chap12_07.html . Constant tracer injection, mixed downstream concentration, metering pumps, adequate mixing lengths and fluorometer detection. Illustrative optical calibration and mass-balance numbers in the article are derived examples, not field observations.
Public publisher description of E2067-20. Significance and Use sections 4.1 and 4.3 state the approximate 13.1 MJ per kg oxygen-consumed relation and primary oxygen-concentration/exhaust-flow measurements. No paid full-standard clauses or unverified claim of latest edition adopted.
August2016; Annex1 sections1–2 and6, printed pp.2–3 and6: final-site accuracy tests with controlled transmitters/known stations, signal-to-noise conditions, installation-specific multipath limitations.
M. P. Unterweger and L. L. Lucas, Applied Radiation and Isotopes52(3),527–531(2000). Primary abstract indexed at pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10724401/ ; NIST publication record www.nist.gov/publications/calibration-national-institute-standards-and-technology-tritiated-water-standards . Verified: gas-proportional counting, liquid-scintillation intercomparisons, SRM4927 activity record over38years and measured half-life4504±9days(one standard deviation). Initial-only author header preserved.
Primary paper by L.L.Lucas, Journal of Research of NIST105(4),535–539(2000); DOI10.6028/jres.105.042. Full text pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4877154/ . Abstract: liquid-scintillation measurement of massic-activity ratios; comparison with ratios from gravimetric dilution, with agreement within stated uncertainties. Initial-only byline retained.
Original NIST author account in Journal of Research of NIST119(2014),371–396; DOI10.6028/jres.119.013. First-page byline verifies Denis E.Bergeron as first author. Section2.1 describes conversion of ionizing radiation to scintillation light and photomultiplier detection; section2.1.1 distinguishes efficiency from count rate. The cited section distinguishes the measured count rate from the activity inferred through a detection-efficiency model.
Journal of Research of NIST99(2),121–141 (March–April1994), primary byline Steve R. Domen. Sections1–2: temperature-rise principle, two-thermistor bridge and glass assembly; Abstract and results: dissolved-gas heat-defect investigation. Original full text: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8345238/ .
Directly inspected VIM3 entry4.2, blank indication: indication from a similar phenomenon/body/substance with the quantity of interest assumed absent or not contributing. Cite the specific edition/entry; do not conflate the broader VIM background-indication alternate term with every narrower chemical blank usage.
Entry3.1 is measuring instrument; entry3.2 is measuring system, which may consist of one instrument. Entry2.6 defines a detailed measurement procedure including a model and calculation, with an optional target uncertainty.
Additional verified VIM3 material entries: jcgm.bipm.org/vim/en/5.13.html and jcgm.bipm.org/vim/en/5.14.html
Entry5.13 defines reference material through property-specific homogeneity, stability and fitness for intended use; note2 distinguishes precision control without an assigned value from calibration/trueness control requiring an assigned value. Entry5.14 defines certified reference material and its documented property values, uncertainties and traceabilities.
Additional verified locator: jcgm.bipm.org/vim/en/4.18.html , VIM3 entry 4.18, detection limit. The definition specifies a probability beta of falsely claiming absence at a given probability alpha of falsely claiming presence; note 1 gives IUPAC default values alpha = beta = 0.05. An observed decision threshold and a signal level meeting both error-probability criteria are distinct quantities.
Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards87(3),211–235(1982); DOI10.6028/jres.087.016. Verified full byline Steve R.Domen. Abstract and opening description: two calibrated thermistors in a water medium, local temperature-rise measurement and conversion through water specific heat capacity. Public-domain NBS paper.
Journal of Research of NIST102(1),63–74(1997); DOI10.6028/jres.102.006. First-page full bylines verified. Printed p.63, Eqs1–2 define D_w=c_w ΔT/(1-k_HD) and k_HD=(E_a-E_h)/E_a; Abstract and Introduction compare radiolysis calculations with hydrogen-peroxide measurements. Later numerical-model correction: doi.org/10.6028/jres.107.015 (2002); no historical gas-system numerical recommendation used here.
Articles were limited to the first 100 out of 144 total.

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