The Sohae Satellite Launching Station, also known as the Sohae Satellite Launching Ground, is a space launch facility located on the northwest coast of North Korea, near the town of Cholsan in North Pyongan Province. Established in the early 2010s, it serves as North Korea's primary satellite launch site for its space program. Sohae has been used for various rocket launches, including satellite deployments and tests of North Korean ballistic missile technology.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1928 was adopted on May 25, 2010. The resolution extended the mandate of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP) for an additional six months, until January 15, 2011. The resolution emphasized the importance of the ongoing negotiations between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities to reach a comprehensive settlement to the Cyprus issue.

A deep geological repository is a type of facility designed for the long-term storage and management of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) and spent nuclear fuel. These repositories are located deep underground, typically in stable geological formations, to ensure that the radioactive materials are safely contained for thousands to millions of years until their radioactivity decreases to safe levels.

Nuclear reactor safety refers to a set of principles, practices, and systems designed to ensure the safe operation of nuclear reactors and to protect the public, workers, and the environment from potential hazards associated with nuclear energy. This encompasses various aspects, including prevention of accidents, mitigation of consequences, and ensuring the integrity of the reactor and its components.

A fission fragment reactor is a type of nuclear reactor that aims to utilize the high energy released from fission fragments directly for power generation. In conventional nuclear reactors, the fission process of heavy isotopes, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, generates not only energy but also a range of products (fission fragments) that are not fully used for producing electricity.

The Inhour equation is a formula used in nuclear engineering, particularly in the context of reactor kinetics and neutron diffusion. It characterizes the relationship between the neutron flux in a nuclear reactor and the reactor's reactivity, typically under steady-state or slightly perturbed conditions.

Small modular reactors (SMRs) are a category of nuclear reactors that have a smaller physical footprint compared to traditional large nuclear reactors and can be constructed and deployed in a modular fashion. These designs often aim to enhance safety, reduce costs, and allow for flexible deployment in various locations. Here’s a summary of some notable SMR designs: 1. **NuScale Power Module**: - Develops a light-water reactor design. - Each module has a capacity of about 60 MW.

An organic nuclear reactor typically refers to a type of nuclear reactor that utilizes organic materials, particularly in the form of organic fluids or substances, as a coolant or moderator. The purpose of these reactors is to leverage the favorable properties of organic materials to improve safety, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. Key features of organic nuclear reactors include: 1. **Organic Coolants:** Instead of traditional water or liquid metal coolants, these reactors may use organic liquids such as hydrocarbons.

Culcheth Laboratories is a research and development facility that specializes in synthetic biology, biotechnology, and related fields. It is known for its work in areas such as genetic engineering, microbiology, and biochemistry. The labs often focus on applications in health, agriculture, and environmental science, and may collaborate with academic institutions, industry partners, and governmental organizations. The facility may be involved in various projects ranging from the development of new bioproducts to advancements in medical therapies.

The University of Missouri Research Reactor Center (MURR) is a research facility located in Columbia, Missouri, affiliated with the University of Missouri. Established in 1966, it is one of the most powerful university research reactors in the United States. MURR is primarily used for research and education in various fields, including nuclear engineering, medical applications, and materials science.

The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) is a research institute based in Japan, primarily focused on the study of radiation and its effects on human health and the environment. Established in 1997, NIRS conducts research in various fields related to radiological sciences, including radiation therapy for cancer treatment, radiation safety, and the biological effects of exposure to ionizing radiation.

Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL) is a former industrial research and development facility located in the hills near Simi Valley, California. Established in the 1940s, SSFL was primarily used for the testing and development of rocket engines and nuclear research by various organizations, including NASA and the Boeing Company. Over the decades, it became a site for various key aerospace and defense projects.

The Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) is a prominent research institution located in Moscow, Russia. It focuses on theoretical and experimental physics, as its name suggests. Established in 1956, the institute has made significant contributions to various fields of physics, including particle physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, and astrophysics.

The Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI), also known as Moscow State Power Engineering Institute (MSEI), is one of the leading technical universities in Russia, specializing in power engineering and related fields. Established in 1930, MPEI has a long history of educating specialists in electrical engineering, power engineering, and energy technology.

The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) is a prominent research institution located in Culham, Oxfordshire, England. It is part of the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) and is primarily focused on the development of nuclear fusion as a viable and sustainable energy source. The CCFE is known for its research on plasma physics and fusion technology, with the aim of replicating the nuclear fusion processes that occur in the sun and other stars.

Marianne Walck is a notable figure known for her contributions to the field of engineering and her leadership within the aerospace industry. She has held significant positions, including serving as the Vice President of Space Operations at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). In that role, she has been involved in overseeing various space missions and projects. Additionally, Walck has a background in mechanical engineering and has played a role in promoting diversity and inclusion in STEM fields.

HMS Sultan is a Royal Naval shore establishment located in Gosport, England. It primarily serves as the training center for the Royal Navy's engineering and logistical personnel. Opened in the 1950s, HMS Sultan is named after the historical Sultan of Oman, reflecting the naval tradition of naming establishments after notable figures and locations. HMS Sultan provides various training programs, including engineering training courses that cover areas such as mechanical, electrical, and marine engineering.

The National Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) is a UK government-owned entity focused on nuclear research and development. Established in 2008, it plays a crucial role in advancing nuclear technologies and supporting the UK’s nuclear energy sector, including areas such as nuclear safety, waste management, decommissioning, and advanced reactors. NNL collaborates with various stakeholders, including government bodies, academia, and industry, to inform policy-making and develop innovative solutions for nuclear challenges.

The 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood refers to a significant flooding event that impacted the Blayais Nuclear Power Plant, located near the Gironde estuary in France. This incident occurred in December 1999, when the plant was affected by severe weather conditions that led to a rapid rise in water levels due to heavy rainfall and storm surges. The floodwaters breached several protective barriers surrounding the plant, causing the electrical switchgear used to manage critical safety systems to be submerged.