OpenIPO refers to a model of initial public offerings (IPOs) that aims to make the process of going public more accessible and equitable for a broader range of investors. The concept of OpenIPO was developed to counteract some of the traditional IPO practices that can privilege institutional investors over individual retail investors. Essentially, OpenIPO allows retail investors to participate in IPOs that were previously mostly available to institutional investors, thus democratizing access to investments in newly listed companies.

A single-price auction, also known as a uniform-price auction, is a type of auction in which all winning bidders pay the same price for the items being sold, regardless of the individual bids they submitted. This price is typically determined by the highest losing bid (also known as the "clearing price") or the lowest winning bid.

Jōseki is a term from the game of Go, a traditional board game that originated in East Asia. In Go, jōseki refers to established sequences of moves in certain board positions that result in a balanced outcome for both players. These sequences are based on a combination of strategic principles and patterns that have been developed over time through extensive play and analysis.

Video game graphics refer to the visual elements in video games that create the game's aesthetic and overall look. This includes everything from the design and rendering of characters, environments, and objects, to special effects and user interface elements. Graphics in video games can range from simple 2D sprites and pixel art to highly detailed 3D models and realistic textures, depending on the game's artistic style and technology capabilities.

A CG artist, or computer graphics artist, is a professional who creates visuals using computer-generated imagery (CGI). These artists utilize various software and tools to create graphics and animations for various industries, including film, video games, advertising, architecture, and more. CG artists can specialize in different areas, including: 1. **3D Modeling**: Creating three-dimensional objects and characters. 2. **Texturing**: Adding surface textures to models, making them look realistic.

A Golliwog is a fictional character that originated in children's literature in the late 19th century. The character is typically depicted as a black doll with exaggerated features such as a wide smile and frizzy hair, often dressed in colorful clothing. The Golliwog first appeared in the picture book "The Adventures of Two Dutch Dolls and a Golliwogg," written by Florence Kate Upton in 1895.

A loading screen is a graphical interface that appears while a computer program, game, or application is loading or processing data. Its primary purpose is to inform users that the system is busy and that they need to wait for a certain period before the program becomes fully operational. Loading screens can vary in design, often displaying animations, progress bars, status messages, or images related to the content being loaded.

"Skybox" in the context of video games typically refers to a method used to create the illusion of distant scenery or an expansive sky within a 3D environment. It usually involves a cube or a sphere that has textures applied to its interior surfaces, which represent the sky, clouds, or distant landscapes. The term "skybox" can also refer to the actual asset or texture set that designers use to create these backgrounds in their games.

In computer graphics, a "sprite" refers to a two-dimensional image or animation that is integrated into a larger scene, typically in video games and graphical user interfaces. Sprites are often used to represent characters, objects, or other entities within a visual environment. ### Key Features of Sprites: 1. **2D Representation**: Sprites are primarily used in 2D graphics, though they can also be adapted in 3D applications for certain elements.

In the context of video games, a "tutorial" is a designed sequence or set of instructions that helps players learn the mechanics, controls, and objectives of the game. Tutorials are often integrated into the game itself, particularly for more complex or immersive titles, and serve several important functions: 1. **Introduction to Gameplay Mechanics**: Tutorials introduce players to the core gameplay elements, such as movement, combat, crafting, or puzzle-solving. They help familiarize players with how to interact with the game world.

Video game writing refers to the process of creating the narrative elements in a video game, including the storyline, dialogue, character development, and world-building. It involves crafting engaging plots and character arcs that resonate with players and enhance their gaming experience. Key components of video game writing include: 1. **Story Development**: Creating a compelling plot that might involve overarching themes, conflicts, and resolutions.

First-person video games are a genre of video games that are played from the first-person perspective, meaning the player experiences the game through the eyes of the protagonist. In these games, players see the game world primarily from the viewpoint of the character they are controlling, which enhances immersion and engages players more personally in the gameplay experience. Key characteristics of first-person games include: 1. **Perspective**: The camera is positioned as if it is the character's eyes, showing what the character sees.

Online video game services refer to various platforms, systems, and features that allow players to connect, interact, and engage with video games over the internet. These services encompass a wide range of functionalities, including: 1. **Multiplayer Gaming**: Online services enable players to compete or cooperate with others in real-time, whether they are in the same location or across the globe. This could include competitive modes, co-op missions, or large-scale multiplayer environments.

In the context of video games, "loot" refers to items, equipment, resources, or rewards that players acquire throughout gameplay, often through exploration, defeating enemies, or completing quests. Loot can include a variety of things such as weapons, armor, consumables, crafting materials, or in-game currency. Loot mechanics vary widely among different games.

New Game Plus (NG+) is a feature commonly found in video games that allows players to start a new playthrough of the game after completing it, while carrying over certain progress or items from their previous playthrough. This could include character upgrades, unlocked abilities, equipment, or achievements. The purpose of New Game Plus is to encourage replayability and give players a chance to experience the game again with enhanced capabilities or increased difficulty.

Player versus Environment (PvE) is a gaming term that refers to a mode in which players compete against computer-controlled opponents or challenges, rather than other players. In PvE gameplay, the focus is on completing quests, fighting against enemies (often called NPCs or non-player characters), exploring the game world, and overcoming environmental obstacles.

A sandbox game is a type of video game that allows players a high degree of freedom to explore, create, and manipulate the game environment. Unlike traditional games that often follow a linear storyline or set objectives, sandbox games provide an open-world experience where players can choose how to interact with the game world, complete quests, or pursue activities at their own pace.

Fiction with multiple endings is an engaging form of storytelling where the narrative presents several possible conclusions, allowing readers or audiences to experience different outcomes based on their choices or interpretations. This can create a more interactive or immersive experience. Here are some notable types of fiction that often utilize multiple endings: 1. **Choose Your Own Adventure**: This format allows readers to make decisions that affect the direction of the story, leading to various outcomes.

A video game bot generally refers to a software program or script designed to automate tasks in video games. Bots can serve various functions, depending on the game and the player's objectives. Here are some common types of game bots: 1. **NPC (Non-Player Character) Simulation**: These bots mimic the behavior of NPCs to enhance the gaming experience or serve specific roles in games, such as filling in for absent players in multiplayer games.

A virtual world is a computer-generated environment that users can interact with in real time through avatars or digital representations of themselves. These environments can simulate real-world physical spaces or create entirely fantastical settings. Virtual worlds can be accessed through various devices, including computers, virtual reality (VR) headsets, and even mobile devices.