Transport tetany, often referred to as "transport tetany syndrome," is a condition characterized by muscle spasms, cramps, and stiffness that can occur in horses, particularly when they are transported over long distances. The condition is believed to be associated with changes in the horse's electrolyte balance, dehydration, and stress during transport.

Heat flux measurements of thermal insulation refer to the quantification of heat transfer through insulating materials under specific conditions. Heat flux is defined as the rate of heat energy transfer per unit area and is typically measured in watts per square meter (W/m²). Understanding heat flux is crucial for evaluating the performance of thermal insulation materials in various applications, such as buildings, industrial processes, and equipment.

Internally grooved copper tubes are specialized tubes used primarily in applications that require enhanced heat transfer and improved fluid flow characteristics. These tubes feature a series of longitudinal grooves or indentations on the inner surface, which increases the surface area available for heat exchange and helps to disrupt the layer of fluid adjacent to the tube wall. This disruption reduces thermal boundary layers, allowing for more efficient heat transfer. **Key features and benefits of internally grooved copper tubes include:** 1.

Multi-layer insulation (MLI) is a thermal insulation technology commonly used in spacecraft, satellites, and other applications where thermal control is critical, particularly in the vacuum of space. The primary purpose of MLI is to minimize heat transfer between different areas, especially to protect sensitive equipment from extreme temperatures. ### Structure: MLI consists of multiple layers of thin, shiny materials—usually metallic and non-metallic films—separated by small spacers.

Searle's bar method is an experimental technique used in materials science and engineering to measure the mechanical properties of materials, particularly the yield strength and elastic modulus of materials in a way that allows for precise control and measurement. It is named after physicist John Searle. The method involves placing a small, slender bar (the specimen) under tensile load, usually with two points of support at either end.

Thermal effusivity is a property of materials that describes their ability to conduct and store thermal energy. It is a measure of how well a material can exchange heat with its surroundings or with another material when they come into contact.

Adaptive dimensional search is a computational method used in the context of high-dimensional data analysis and optimization problems. It refers to techniques that adaptively adjust the method of searching through data or parameter spaces based on the characteristics of the data, the structure of the problem, or the performance of previous search iterations.

Extreme Helium Stars (EHe) are a type of star that is characterized by their unique atmospheric composition, primarily consisting of helium with very little or no hydrogen. These stars are typically found in the later stages of stellar evolution, particularly among hot, massive stars that have lost a significant amount of their outer hydrogen layer.

Helion, in chemistry, generally does not refer to a specific substance or compound. However, the term can be associated with "helium" (He), which is a chemical element with atomic number 2. Helium is a noble gas that is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, and it is the second lightest element in the periodic table.

Pure-play helium refers to companies that focus exclusively on the exploration, production, and distribution of helium. Unlike diversified energy companies that may engage in various sectors like oil, gas, or other minerals, pure-play helium companies concentrate solely on the helium market. This specialization allows them to streamline their operations, leverage their knowledge of helium extraction and market trends, and often respond more quickly to changes in demand and supply within the helium sector.

A Scanning Helium Ion Microscope (HeIM) is a type of microscopic imaging tool that utilizes helium ions to produce high-resolution images of materials at the nanoscale. It provides several advantages over traditional electron microscopes, such as improved resolution, reduced charging effects on insulating samples, and the ability to image delicate structures without damaging them.

The solar eclipse of August 18, 1868, was a total solar eclipse that was observed across parts of the United States, including the western regions like California and the territories that would later become parts of the midwestern and southeastern states. This eclipse was notable for several reasons: 1. **Scientific Observations**: The eclipse provided an opportunity for astronomers to conduct significant observations.

The Minkowski functional, often associated with convex analysis and geometry, is a generalization of the concept of a norm. It is defined within the context of a convex set in a vector space, particularly in relation to a symmetric convex body.

The Smith–Minkowski–Siegel mass formula is a result in the theory of quadratic forms and arithmetic geometry. It provides a way to compute the mass of an orbit of a quadratic form under the action of a group, typically the group of diagonalizable matrices over certain rings. This formula is particularly relevant in the study of quadratic forms over global fields and local fields.

Social Cognitive Optimization (SCO) is not a widely recognized term in the academic literature, but it suggests a convergence of concepts from social cognitive theory and optimization techniques. 1. **Social Cognitive Theory**: Developed primarily by Albert Bandura, this psychological framework emphasizes the importance of social influence and observational learning on behavior.

A bicategory is a generalization of the concept of a category in category theory. While a category consists of objects and morphisms (arrows) between those objects, a bicategory includes not only objects and morphisms but also "2-morphisms" (which can be thought of as arrows between arrows). Here are the key features of a bicategory: 1. **Objects**: Just like in categories, a bicategory has objects.

The term "Brazen Head" can refer to a couple of different things, depending on the context: 1. **Mythical Figure**: In folklore and literature, the Brazen Head is often depicted as a magical or enchanted head that supposedly has the ability to predict the future or answer questions.

Mechanical Turk is a crowdsourcing marketplace operated by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that allows individuals and businesses to hire remotely located "workers" to perform tasks that computers are currently unable to do. The platform is often used for tasks that require human intelligence, such as data validation, content moderation, surveys, and more.

The Ladybird of Szeged, scientifically known as *Halyzia sedecimguttata*, is a species of ladybird beetle found primarily in Europe, including Hungary. It is characterized by its distinctive appearance, often featuring a reddish or orange body adorned with black spots or markings. These beetles are typically found in gardens, forests, and other natural environments, where they play a role in controlling aphid populations and other small pests, making them beneficial for agriculture.

Anti-gravity refers to a concept in science fiction and theoretical physics where an object is able to counteract the force of gravity, allowing it to float or move freely in space without the influence of gravitational pull. The idea often involves manipulating gravitational forces or using hypothetical technologies to achieve lift without relying on traditional propulsion methods. In reality, gravity is a fundamental force of nature that attracts objects with mass toward one another.