Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua are the names of two Chinese macaques that were the first primates to be cloned from somatic cells using the same technique that produced Dolly the sheep. They were created in January 2018 by a team of researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The cloning process used was called somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), where the nucleus of a somatic cell is transferred into an egg cell that has had its own nucleus removed.

The Bogolyubov Prize is an award established by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU) in honor of the prominent Ukrainian-born theoretical physicist Nikolay Bogolyubov. The prize is awarded for outstanding achievements in the field of theoretical physics and aims to recognize significant contributions to this discipline. Recipients of the Bogolyubov Prize are typically selected based on their innovative research and the impact of their work in advancing the field of theoretical physics.

Bond albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of an astronomical body, specifically in the context of the entire hemisphere of that body. It quantifies the fraction of total incoming solar energy that is reflected back into space by that body, taking into account all wavelengths of light and all angles of incidence. This is different from the more commonly known geometrical albedo, which only considers light reflected at a specific angle, typically from a direct overhead view.

Patricio Letelier refers to a notable figure in the context of Chilean politics and academia. He is primarily known for his work as a political scientist and his contributions to discussions on democracy and social issues in Chile. However, it's possible you might be referring to something else entirely, as the name can be associated with different contexts or individuals.

The Bohr–Mollerup theorem is a result in mathematical analysis that characterizes the gamma function among other functions. Specifically, it provides a characterization of the gamma function using properties of a specific class of functions. The theorem states that if a function \( f : (0, \infty) \to \mathbb{R} \) satisfies the following conditions: 1. \( f(x) \) is continuous on \( (0, \infty) \).

Bond hardening refers to a variety of processes or treatments that enhance the bond strength between materials, particularly in the context of adhesives, coatings, or composite materials. It is often associated with improving the mechanical properties and durability of materials through specific treatments or processes that alter the microstructure or increase the bonding effectiveness of the materials involved.

The Ziegler spectrum refers to a concept in control theory related to the stability and performance of control systems. It is derived from the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method, which is a popular heuristic approach for tuning the parameters of PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers. **Ziegler-Nichols Method:** 1. The Ziegler-Nichols method involves determining the critical gain (Ku) and the oscillation period (Tu) of a system.

A geomagnetic excursion is a temporary, significant change in the Earth's magnetic field, characterized by a rapid and substantial shift in the position of the magnetic poles. Unlike geomagnetic reversals, which involve a complete flip of the Earth's magnetic field (where the magnetic north and south poles switch places), excursions are generally shorter-lived events that can last from a few centuries to a few thousand years.

Bone-seeking radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes that have an affinity for bone tissue, allowing them to accumulate in areas of bone, particularly those that are undergoing changes such as growth, repair, or disease processes. These isotopes are commonly used in medical applications, particularly in the treatment and diagnosis of certain conditions.

The "Book of Lemmas" is a collection of lemmas or results used primarily in combinatorics, number theory, and other areas of mathematics. Lemmas are propositions that are proven on the way to proving a larger theorem or result.

A **nuclear C*-algebra** is a specific type of C*-algebra that possesses certain desirable properties, particularly in the context of approximating its structure by simpler algebras. The concept of nuclearity is particularly important in functional analysis and noncommutative geometry.

Isaiah Berlin was a prominent British philosopher and historian of ideas, known for his writings on political philosophy, freedom, and various aspects of intellectual history. Some of his most notable works include: 1. **"Two Concepts of Liberty" (1958)** - This essay discusses the distinction between negative and positive liberty, influencing liberal thought.

A boom brake is a safety device commonly used in various types of machinery and equipment, particularly in cranes and other lifting devices. It is designed to prevent uncontrolled movements of the boom (the arm or extending part of a crane) in the event of a failure or emergency situation. The boom brake works by applying friction to the boom or its mechanisms, which helps to hold it in place and prevent it from falling or swinging uncontrollably.

Boreas Plain is a natural area located within the boundaries of the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire, USA. It is particularly noted for its diverse ecosystems, alpine conditions, and striking natural beauty. The location serves as a popular spot for outdoor recreation, including hiking, wildlife observation, and enjoying the scenic views of the surrounding mountains.

Roger Evans Howe is a prominent figure in the field of mathematics, particularly known for his work in algebraic geometry and related disciplines. He has made significant contributions to various mathematical concepts and has been involved in academic activities, including teaching and research.

Ruth Charney is a prominent mathematician known for her contributions to topology, geometric group theory, and the theory of spaces with geodesic metrics. She has made significant advancements in understanding the properties of various mathematical structures, often focusing on the interplay between algebraic and geometric aspects. In addition to her research, Charney has been active in mathematical education and outreach, working to promote diversity and inclusion within the mathematical community.

Sophus Lie (1842-1899) was a Norwegian mathematician known for his foundational work in the field of continuous symmetry and transformation groups, which has profound implications in various areas of mathematics and theoretical physics. His most significant contribution is the development of what is now known as Lie theory, which studies Lie groups and Lie algebras.

Uzi Vishne is a notable figure in various fields, most commonly associated with technology, startups, and innovation in Israel. He may be involved in ventures, initiatives, or projects that contribute to the growth of the tech ecosystem. However, specific details about his contributions, background, and notable work may not be widely documented in available sources up to October 2023.

A Geometric Arithmetic Parallel Processor (GAPP) is a type of computational architecture designed for performing arithmetic operations in parallel, utilizing geometric transformations as a means of processing data efficiently. This type of processor typically leverages the principles of parallelism to enhance computational speed and efficiency in handling complex calculations or large datasets.

"Both Sides Now" is an album by Australian singer Marina Prior, released in 2017. The album features a collection of songs that showcase Prior's versatile vocal abilities, reflecting her background in musical theater and contemporary music. The tracklist typically includes a mix of original songs and covers, with themes revolving around love, life experiences, and emotional depth. Marina Prior is well-known for her performances in various stage productions, and this album highlights her artistry in a more personal and intimate setting.