Computed Tomography Laser Mammography (CTLM) is a medical imaging technique that uses laser technology to create detailed images of breast tissue. It is primarily designed to provide an alternative or complementary method for detecting breast cancer and assessing breast health, particularly in women with dense breast tissue where traditional mammography might be less effective. Key features of Computed Tomography Laser Mammography include: 1. **Laser Technology**: CTLM uses laser light to illuminate the breast tissue.

Cyclodestruction refers to a surgical procedure or treatment that involves the destruction of the ciliary body in the eye, which is responsible for producing the aqueous humor (the fluid in the eye). This procedure is primarily used to lower intraocular pressure in conditions such as glaucoma, where elevated pressure can lead to damage to the optic nerve and vision loss. There are several techniques for performing cyclodestruction, including laser treatments (such as cyclophotocoagulation) and non-laser methods.

Laser beam quality refers to the characteristics of a laser beam that determine how well it can focus and how well it propagates over distance. High-quality laser beams can maintain their coherence, intensity, and focus over greater distances, which is essential for various applications, including telecommunications, materials processing, medical procedures, and scientific research.

Fraxel is a brand of fractional laser technology used in dermatology and cosmetic procedures for skin resurfacing. It employs laser energy to treat various skin conditions, including wrinkles, fine lines, sun damage, acne scars, and enlarged pores. Fraxel lasers work by creating microscopic columns of thermal injury in the skin, which promotes the body's natural healing response and stimulates collagen production.

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as cold laser therapy or low-level light therapy (LLLT), is a non-invasive treatment that uses low-power lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to stimulate healing processes in tissues. It is primarily used for pain management, tissue repair, and inflammation reduction.

A port-wine stain is a type of vascular birthmark characterized by a flat, red or purple discoloration of the skin. These marks are caused by an abnormal proliferation of blood vessels, specifically capillaries, just beneath the surface of the skin. The name "port-wine stain" comes from the deep red color that resembles port wine.

An unimodular lattice is a type of mathematical structure that arises in the context of lattice theory and algebraic geometry, particularly in the study of quadratic forms and integer lattices. Here are the key characteristics and definitions associated with unimodular lattices: 1. **Lattice**: A lattice in Euclidean space is a discrete subgroup of that space generated by a set of basis vectors.

Wang Lijun refers to a prominent Chinese scientist known for his contributions to the fields of science and technology, particularly in materials science and engineering. He has been recognized for his work on advanced materials and nanotechnology. However, there may be other individuals with similar names in different contexts, including politics.

As of my last knowledge update in October 2021, Zenghu Chang is a Chinese scientist known for his contributions to the field of physics, particularly in optics and nanotechnology. However, specific details about his work or achievements might not be widely known outside of specialized academic circles. If he has gained more prominence or made headlines since then, I may not have the latest information.

An active laser medium, also known as a gain medium, is a crucial component of a laser system. It is the material that is capable of amplifying light through the process of stimulated emission of radiation. The active medium can be in various forms, including gases, liquids, or solids, and it contains atoms or molecules that can be energized to a higher energy state.

The extinction ratio is a key parameter in optical communication and photonics, particularly in the context of modulated optical signals. It refers to the ratio of the power of the light signal in the "on" state to the power in the "off" state.

Fourier Domain Mode Locking (FDML) is a technique used in fiber optics and laser technology to achieve high-speed, high-resolution measurements. It is primarily applied in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and other applications where rapid scanning and imaging are critical. ### Key Concepts of FDML: 1. **Mode Locking**: Traditional mode locking techniques in lasers involve the interference and constructive or destructive combination of different longitudinal modes of the laser to produce very short pulses of light.

An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to convert it to an electrical signal first. It is a key component in fiber optic communication systems and is used to boost the strength of light signals over long distances, where signal attenuation can occur.

Optical autocorrelation is a technique used to measure the temporal properties of light pulses, particularly in the context of ultrafast laser pulses. It involves analyzing the way in which a light signal overlaps with itself over time, allowing researchers to extract information about the duration and shape of the pulse. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Autocorrelation Basics**: - Autocorrelation is a mathematical tool used to compare a signal with a delayed version of itself.

Spectral Phase Interferometry for Direct Electric-field Reconstruction (SPIDER) is an advanced technique used in the field of ultrafast optics to characterize the electric field of short light pulses. It is particularly valuable for measuring the field of optical pulses in the femtosecond (fs) time scale, which is crucial for understanding various phenomena in ultrafast science and technology.

Spatial filters are techniques used in image processing and analysis that operate on a local neighborhood of pixels to modify or extract certain characteristics from an image. They can enhance or suppress specific features, remove noise, or detect edges, among other applications. Spatial filters work by applying a filter (often represented as a matrix or kernel) to each pixel in the image, taking into account the values of neighboring pixels.

Lasers can be categorized based on various criteria, including their medium of operation, the mechanism of light amplification, and their applications. Here are some of the main types of lasers: ### 1. **Based on Medium:** - **Solid-State Lasers**: These use a solid gain medium, often a crystal or glass doped with ions.

Frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG) is a technique used in the field of ultrafast optics to measure the temporal characteristics of short pulses of light, such as those generated by lasers. The primary goal of FROG is to retrieve both the intensity and phase information of a pulse's electric field as a function of time. The technique works by exploiting the nonlinear optical interaction between an incoming pulse and a gate pulse in a nonlinear medium.

The Fokker periodicity block is a concept associated with certain types of mathematical models, particularly in statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics. It is named after the physicist A.D. Fokker, who contributed to the understanding of probabilistic distributions and their applications. In many-body systems, the term "periodicity" refers to the regular recurrence of certain properties in systems that exhibit periodic behavior, such as crystal lattices.

Wei Cai can refer to different things depending on the context. One prominent reference is to a Chinese American mathematician named Wei Cai, known for his work in the field of applied and computational mathematics. He has contributed to various areas, including numerical analysis, scientific computing, and mathematical modeling.