Charles R. Doering is a scientist known for his work in the fields of applied mathematics and physics, particularly in relation to fluid dynamics, nonlinear dynamics, and statistical mechanics. He has made significant contributions to the understanding of patterns and structures in turbulent flows, as well as to theoretical research in these areas.

Edmond Chow may refer to various individuals or concepts, depending on the context. However, one prominent figure with that name is an academic known for his work in computer science, particularly in areas related to high-performance computing and parallel algorithms.

Mark A. Lewis might refer to a person with contributions in various fields, such as academia, science, or the arts. However, without specific context, it's challenging to determine which Mark A. Lewis you are referring to, as there may be multiple individuals with that name. If you have more specific information about the field or context in which Mark A.

Permalloy is a nickel-iron magnetic alloy that typically contains about 80% nickel and 20% iron, although the exact composition can vary. It is known for its high magnetic permeability, low coercivity, and excellent magnetic softness, which makes it particularly useful in the manufacturing of magnetic components such as transformers, magnetic shields, and inductors. The high permeability of Permalloy allows it to effectively channel magnetic fields, making it suitable for applications in electronic devices and electromagnetic systems.

A quaternionic structure refers to a mathematical framework or system that originates from the quaternions, which are a number system that extends complex numbers.

A square triangular number is a number that is both a perfect square and a triangular number. A triangular number is a number that can be arranged in the shape of an equilateral triangle. The \(n\)-th triangular number is given by the formula: \[ T_n = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} \] where \(n\) is a positive integer. A perfect square is a number that can be expressed as the square of an integer.

Figurine manufacturers are companies or artisans that produce small sculptures or figures, often made of materials such as porcelain, ceramic, resin, wood, metal, or plastic. These figurines can represent various subjects, including characters from popular culture, animals, religious figures, historical figures, or abstract designs. Figurines are often collected for decorative purposes, gifts, or as part of themed collections.

Order summability is a concept in the field of summability theory, which deals with the summation of sequences and series, particularly when the usual methods fail to produce a finite limit. It is a generalization of the notion of convergence for series and sequences. In essence, a sequence is said to be **order summable** if it can be summed in a particular way that accounts for the arrangement of its terms, often by weighting or structuring them.

A **positive linear functional** is a specific type of linear functional in the context of functional analysis, which is a branch of mathematics that studies vector spaces and linear operators.

The Radon–Riesz property is a concept from functional analysis, particularly in the study of Banach spaces. It concerns the behavior of sequences of functions and their convergence properties. A Banach space \( X \) is said to have the Radon–Riesz property if every sequence of elements \( (x_n) \) in \( X \) that converges weakly to an element \( x \) also converges strongly (or in norm) to \( x \).

Symmetric convolution is a specific type of convolution operation that maintains symmetry in its kernel or filter. In general, convolution is a mathematical operation that combines two functions to produce a third function. It is commonly used in signal processing, image processing, and various fields of mathematics and engineering.

In topology and algebra, a **topological homomorphism** generally refers to a mapping between two topological spaces that preserves both algebraic structure (if they have one, like being groups, rings, etc.) and the topological structure. The term is often used in the context of topological groups, where the objects involved have both a group structure and a topology.

A QRA locator is a specific type of locator used in amateur radio to denote a geographical location. It is part of the QRA grid system, which is a coded method for identifying locations based on a combination of letters and numbers. Each QRA locator typically consists of a combination of four characters: two letters followed by two numbers (e.g., "FN31").

The gamma function, denoted as \(\Gamma(z)\), is a generalization of the factorial function that extends its definition to all complex numbers except the non-positive integers. It is defined for positive real numbers \(z\) by the following integral: \[ \Gamma(z) = \int_0^\infty t^{z-1} e^{-t} \, dt \] The gamma function has several important values, particularly at positive integers and half-integers.

GRB 790305b is a significant astronomical event classified as a gamma-ray burst (GRB). It was detected on March 5, 1979, by the Earth-orbiting Vela satellites, which were originally designed for monitoring nuclear test ban compliance. This GRB is notable because it was one of the first gamma-ray bursts to be identified and cataloged.

A plasma globe, also known as a plasma ball, is a device that demonstrates the properties of plasma, one of the four fundamental states of matter. The globe typically consists of a clear glass sphere filled with a low-pressure gas, often a mixture of noble gases like neon or argon. At the center of the globe is an electrode that generates high-frequency alternating current electricity. When the device is powered on, the electrode produces high-voltage ionization of the gas within the globe.

Geodesic deviation refers to the phenomenon in general relativity that describes how nearby geodesics—paths followed by free-falling particles—diverge or converge due to the curvature of spacetime. In a curved spacetime, even if an object starts out on a geodesic (which is the generalization of a straight line in curved space), the path of that object may not remain parallel to the path of a nearby object over time.

The Geodetic Observatory Wettzell, located in Bavaria, Germany, is a prominent research facility operated by the Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie (BKG), which is the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy of Germany. Established in 1995, the observatory specializes in geodesy, the science of measuring and understanding the Earth's geometric shape, orientation in space, and gravitational field, as well as how these properties change over time.

The African Geodetic Reference Frame (AFREF) is a framework developed for accurately referencing geographic locations and measurements across the African continent. It provides a standardized coordinate system that allows for consistent positioning, mapping, and navigation throughout Africa, facilitating various applications in fields such as surveying, geodesy, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and scientific research. AFREF is designed to enhance interoperability among different national and regional geodetic systems in Africa.

Gravimetry satellites are specialized satellites used to measure variations in Earth's gravitational field. These variations can reveal important information about the structure and dynamics of the Earth's interior and surface, including variations in mass distribution due to geological features, oceanic currents, and changes due to human activity. Key functions and principles of gravimetry satellites include: 1. **Gravitational Measurements**: They measure tiny differences in gravitational acceleration at different points on Earth’s surface.