Hanford site by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
The B Reactor of the facility produced the plutonium used for Trinity and Fat Man, and then for many more thousand bombs during the Cold War. More precisely, this was done at
Located in Washington, in a dry place the middle of the mountainous areas of the Western United States, where basically no one lives. The Columbia river is however nearby, that river is quite large, and provided the water needed by their activities, notably for cooling the nuclear reactors. It is worth it having look on Google Maps to get a feel for the region.
Unlike many other such laboratories, this one did not become a United States Department of Energy national laboratories. It was likely just too polluted.
Figure 1.
Aerial image of the Hanford site in 1960
. Source.
SmartNIC by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
A network interface controller that does more than just the base OSI model protocols, notably in a programmable way.
Video 1.
Hyperscalers Lead The Way To The Future With SmartNICs by The Next Platform (2019)
Source.
Associated article: www.nextplatform.com/2019/10/31/hypercalers-lead-the-way-to-the-future-with-smartnics/ mentions that:
Google is widely believed to be working on its own design.
Gel electrophoresis by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Technique widely used to measure the size of DNA strands, most often PCR output of a region of interest.
A simple sample application is gel electrophoresis alelle determination.
SoundFont by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Contains instructions on how to synthesize MIDI.
Extension: sf2.
Can be imported for example by:
CIDARLAB/cello by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
The input is in Verilog! Overkill?
Then it essentially maps to a standard cell library of biological primitives!
CommonMark by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
CommonMark is a good project. But its initial release method was not very nice, they first developed everything behind closed doors with the big adopters like GitHub and Stack Overflow, and only later released the thing read, thus wasting the time of people who were working on alternative in the meanwhile, e.g. github.com/karlcow/markdown-testsuite which Ciro contributed to: Ciro Santilli's minor projects.
Superconducting magnet by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
Applications: produce high magnetic fields for
As of the early 2020s, superconducting magnets predominantly use low temperature superconductors Nb-Ti and Nb-Sn, see also most important superconductor materials, but there were efforts underway to create practical high-temperature superconductor-based magnets as well: Section "High temperature superconductor superconducting magnet".
Wikipedia has done well for once:
The current to the coil windings is provided by a high current, very low voltage DC power supply, since in steady state the only voltage across the magnet is due to the resistance of the feeder wires. Any change to the current through the magnet must be done very slowly, first because electrically the magnet is a large inductor and an abrupt current change will result in a large voltage spike across the windings, and more importantly because fast changes in current can cause eddy currents and mechanical stresses in the windings that can precipitate a quench (see below). So the power supply is usually microprocessor-controlled, programmed to accomplish current changes gradually, in gentle ramps. It usually takes several minutes to energize or de-energize a laboratory-sized magnet.
Video 1.
Superconductivity: magnetic separation by University of Cambridge
. Source.
Time dilation by Ciro Santilli 37 Updated 2025-07-16
One of the best ways to think about it is the transversal time dilation thought experiment.

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