Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 35

Also sometimes called helium II, in contrast to helium I, which is the non-superfluid liquid helium phase.

Derivation from older alphabets: en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Latin_script&oldid=1042752124#Derivation_from_Egyptian_hieroglyphs

Generalization of Laplace's equation where the value is not necessarily 0.

TODO is there any relationship between this and the Josephson effect?

Experimental observation published as Experimental Evidence for Quantized Flux in Superconducting Cylinders.

This appears to happen to any superconducting loop, because the superconducting wave function has to be continuous.

Video "Superconducting Qubit by NTT SCL (2015)" suggests that anything in between gets cancelled out by a superposition of current in both directions.

Islam has some really nice things in it.

The way it was perverted to be used as a tool for terrorism by some is a great tragedy.

Ciro Santilli especially appreciates the ideas of

Starting in the 2019 redefinition of the SI base units, the elementary charge is assigned a fixed number, and the Ampere is based on it and on the second, which is beautiful.

This choice is not because we attempt to count individual electrons going through a wire, as it would be far too many to count!

Rather, it is because because there are two crazy quantum mechanical effects that give us macroscopic measures that are directly related to the electron charge. www.nist.gov/si-redefinition/ampere/ampere-quantum-metrology-triangle by the NIST explains that the two effects are:

Those effect work because they also involve dividing by the Planck constant, the fundamental constant of quantum mechanics, which is also tiny, and thus brings values into a much more measurable order of size.

Single chemical element, single phase (usually solid), but different 3D structures.

The prototypical examples are the allotropes of carbon such as diamond vs graphite.