www.zdnet.com/article/googles-quantum-focused-sandbox-division-is-being-spun-off/ Google's quantum-focused Sandbox division is being spun off (2022)
They seem to do some cool stuff.
They have also declined every one of Ciro Santilli's applications for software engineer jobs before any interview. Ciro always wondered what does it take to get an interview with them. Lilely a PhD? Oh well.
In the early days at least lots of gamedev experience was enough though: www.linkedin.com/in/charles-beattie-0695373/.
GDB Nirvana?
GitLab was very important to Ciro because he wanted to base Booktree on it.
See also: Ciro Santilli's minor projects.
A random field you add to make something transform locally the way you want. See e.g.: Video "Deriving the qED Lagrangian by Dietterich Labs (2018)".
Does the exact position of vertices matter in Feynman diagrams? by 
Ciro Santilli 34 Updated 2024-12-15 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 34 Updated 2024-12-15 +Created 1970-01-01The algorithm is completely analogous to Diffie-Hellman key exchange in that you efficiently raise a number to a power times and send the result over while keeping as private key.
The only difference is that a different group is used: instead of using the cyclic group, we use the elliptic curve group of an elliptic curve over a finite field.
Elliptic curves by Computerphile (2018)
Source. youtu.be/NF1pwjL9-DE?t=143 shows the continuous group well, but then fails to explain the discrete part.Variant of Diffie-Hellman key exchange based on elliptic curve cryptography.
Running:gives:
hd hello_world.o00000000 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |.ELF............|
00000010 01 00 3e 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |..>.............|
00000020 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........@.......|
00000030 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 00 40 00 07 00 03 00 |....@.....@.....|
00000040 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
00000080 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000090 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000000a0 0d 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000000b0 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000000c0 07 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000000d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000000e0 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |'...............|
000000f0 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000100 0d 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000110 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........@.......|
00000120 32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |2...............|
00000130 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000140 17 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000150 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 80 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000160 a8 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 |................|
00000170 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000180 1f 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000190 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 30 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........0.......|
000001a0 34 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |4...............|
000001b0 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000001c0 27 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |'...............|
000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 70 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........p.......|
000001e0 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |................|
000001f0 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000200 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 21 0a 00 00 00 |Hello world!....|
00000210 b8 01 00 00 00 bf 01 00 00 00 48 be 00 00 00 00 |..........H.....|
00000220 00 00 00 00 ba 0d 00 00 00 0f 05 b8 3c 00 00 00 |............<...|
00000230 bf 00 00 00 00 0f 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000240 00 2e 64 61 74 61 00 2e 74 65 78 74 00 2e 73 68 |..data..text..sh|
00000250 73 74 72 74 61 62 00 2e 73 79 6d 74 61 62 00 2e |strtab..symtab..|
00000260 73 74 72 74 61 62 00 2e 72 65 6c 61 2e 74 65 78 |strtab..rela.tex|
00000270 74 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |t...............|
00000280 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000290 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 04 00 f1 ff |................|
000002a0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000002b0 00 00 00 00 03 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000002c0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 02 00 |................|
000002d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000002e0 11 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
000002f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1d 00 00 00 00 00 f1 ff |................|
00000300 0d 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000310 2d 00 00 00 10 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |-...............|
00000320 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000330 00 68 65 6c 6c 6f 5f 77 6f 72 6c 64 2e 61 73 6d |.hello_world.asm|
00000340 00 68 65 6c 6c 6f 5f 77 6f 72 6c 64 00 68 65 6c |.hello_world.hel|
00000350 6c 6f 5f 77 6f 72 6c 64 5f 6c 65 6e 00 5f 73 74 |lo_world_len._st|
00000360 61 72 74 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |art.............|
00000370 0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |................|
00000380 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000390Array of
Elf64_Shdr structs.Each entry contains metadata about a given section.
e_shoff of the ELF header gives the starting position, 0x40 here.e_shentsize and e_shnum from the ELF header say that we have 7 entries, each 0x40 bytes long.So the table takes bytes from 0x40 to
0x40 + 7 + 0x40 - 1 = 0x1FF.Some section names are reserved for certain section types: www.sco.com/developers/gabi/2003-12-17/ch4.sheader.html#special_sections e.g.
.text requires a SHT_PROGBITS type and SHF_ALLOC + SHF_EXECINSTRRunning:outputs:
readelf -S hello_world.oThere are 7 section headers, starting at offset 0x40:
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .data PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000200
000000000000000d 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 4
[ 2] .text PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000210
0000000000000027 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 16
[ 3] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00000240
0000000000000032 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[ 4] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 00000280
00000000000000a8 0000000000000018 5 6 4
[ 5] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 00000330
0000000000000034 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[ 6] .rela.text RELA 0000000000000000 00000370
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 4 2 4
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), l (large)
I (info), L (link order), G (group), T (TLS), E (exclude), x (unknown)
O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)The
struct represented by each entry is:typedef struct {
Elf64_Word sh_name;
Elf64_Word sh_type;
Elf64_Xword sh_flags;
Elf64_Addr sh_addr;
Elf64_Off sh_offset;
Elf64_Xword sh_size;
Elf64_Word sh_link;
Elf64_Word sh_info;
Elf64_Xword sh_addralign;
Elf64_Xword sh_entsize;
} Elf64_Shdr;Experiments to measure it:
The 2019 redefinition of the SI base units defines it precisely and uses it as a measure of charge: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_redefinition_of_the_SI_base_units#Ampere
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab by Ciro Santilli 34 Updated 2024-12-15 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 34 Updated 2024-12-15 +Created 1970-01-01github.com/CovertLab/WholeCellEcoliRelease is a whole cell simulation model created by Covert Lab and other collaborators.
The project is written in Python, hurray! But according to te README, it seems to be the use a code drop model with on-request access to master, very meh, asked rationale on GitHub discussion, and they confirmed as expected that it is to:Oh well.
- to prevent their publication ideas from being stolen. Who would steal publication ideas with public proof in an issue tracker without crediting original authors?
- to prevent noise from non collaborators. They do only get like 2 issues as year though, people forget that it is legal to ignore other people :-)
The project is a followup to the earlier M. genitalium whole cell model by Covert lab which modelled Mycoplasma genitalium. E. Coli has 8x more genes (500 vs 4k), but it the undisputed bacterial model organism and as such has been studied much more thoroughly. It also reproduces faster than Mycoplasma (20 minutes vs a few hours), which is a huge advantages for validation/exploratory experiments.
The project has a partial dependency on the proprietary optimization software CPLEX which is freeware, for students, not sure what it is used for exactly, from the comment in the
requirements.txt the dependency is only partial.This project makes Ciro Santilli think of the E. Coli as an optimization problem. Given such external nutrient/temperature condition, which DNA sequence makes the cell grow the fastest? Balancing metabolites feels like designing a Factorio speedrun.
There is one major thing missing thing in the current model: promoters/transcription factor interactions are not modelled due to lack/low quality of experimental data: github.com/CovertLab/WholeCellEcoliRelease/issues/21. They just have a magic direct "transcription factor to gene" relationship, encoded at reconstruction/ecoli/flat/foldChanges.tsv in terms of type "if this is present, such protein is expressed 10x more". Transcription units are not implemented at all it appears.
Everything in this section refers to version 7e4cc9e57de76752df0f4e32eca95fb653ea64e4, the code drop from November 2020, and was tested on Ubuntu 21.04 with a docker install of
docker.pkg.github.com/covertlab/wholecellecolirelease/wcm-full with image id 502c3e604265, unless otherwise noted.Have a look at some interesting examples under nodejs/sequelize/raw/many_to_many.js.
Company co-founded by Scott Hassan, early Google programmer at Stanford University, and Carl Victor Page, Jr., Larry Page's older brother.
They were an email list management website, and became Yahoo! Groups after the acquisition.
The company was sold to Yahoo! in August 2000 for $432m and became Yahoo! Groups. They managed to miraculously dodge the Dot-com bubble, which mostly poppet in 2021. After the acquisition, Yahoo started to redirect them to: groups.yahoo.com as can be seen on the Wayback Machine: web.archive.org/web/20000401000000*/egroups.com The first archive of groups.yahoo.com is from February 2001: web.archive.org/web/20010202055100/http://groups.yahoo.com/ and it unsurprisingly looks basically exactly like eGroups.
eGroups logo
. From the earliest archive of their "about" page: web.archive.org/web/19991004062653/http://www.egroups.com/info/top.html in 1999. There are unlisted articles, also show them or only show them.