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An enzyme catalyzing reactions involving molecular hydrogen, including disposal of reducing equivalents in certain anaerobic metabolic pathways.
An enzyme that hydrolyzes the beta-lactam ring of susceptible antibiotics. Substrate specificity and catalytic mechanisms vary among classes and variants.
An enzyme removing a phosphate group from an appropriate substrate. In a phosphorylation assay, inhibition preserves the starting state while controlled phosphatase treatment can test phospho-dependent detection.
A luminescent reporter enzyme often used as a separately measured reference in a dual-luciferase assay. Valid normalization requires a reference insensitive to the experimental manipulation.
A luminescent reporter enzyme whose output can report promoter activity under controlled expression and assay conditions.
synaptojanin is a phosphoinositide phosphatase involved in endocytic lipid turnover. Loss of its activity can affect coat removal and synaptic vesicle recycling; genetic defects need to be separated from secondary developmental changes.
PI3K-C2α is a class II phosphoinositide 3-kinase implicated in local phosphoinositide production during endocytosis. Catalytic rescue and lipid measurements help distinguish its enzymatic role from other consequences of its depletion.
lysyl oxidase contributes to covalent cross-link formation in extracellular matrix proteins. Perturbing its activity can change matrix mechanics and chemistry together, which matters when interpreting mechanotransduction experiments.
oligosaccharyltransferase transfers an assembled oligosaccharide from a lipid-linked donor to a protein acceptor. Recognition of an accessible acceptor sequence is distinct from synthesis of the donor.
PglB is a bacterial oligosaccharyltransferase whose structural characterization supplies a model for protein-acceptor recognition. Its donor and complete pathway should not be assumed identical to those of eukaryotic ER glycosylation.
cellulose synthase polymerizes glucose into cellulose using an activated donor. Membrane-associated systems can couple chain elongation to extrusion through a membrane channel.
A fatty acid desaturase introduces a double bond into an acyl substrate. Chain length, double-bond position, carrier preference and electron-supply compatibility matter when transferring the activity between organisms.
A fatty acid elongase participates in acyl-chain extension. An enzyme acting on an acyl-CoA substrate may not directly access a chain held in a phospholipid.
An endoglucanase cleaves internal bonds in an accessible glucan chain. On cellulose it can generate new chain ends for complementary processive enzymes.
A cellobiohydrolase releases cellobiose units from glucan chains, often through processive cleavage at an accessible chain end. Chain binding and extraction from an ordered substrate can limit activity.
A beta-glucosidase hydrolyzes beta-glucosidic substrates. Conversion of cellobiose to glucose can reduce product accumulation during cellulose saccharification.
A lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase is a copper-dependent enzyme that cleaves polysaccharides oxidatively. Its performance depends on substrate access, reduction and oxidant supply; uncontrolled peroxide can damage the catalyst.
A cellulase contributes to cellulose hydrolysis. Activity on a soluble cellulose derivative need not predict activity on an ordered microfibril or a lignified wall.
In the Pseudomonas aeruginosa branchpoint discussed here, ICD is the isocitrate dehydrogenase susceptible to AceK-dependent phosphorylation. It must be distinguished from the separate IDH activity, which is not regulated by that phosphorylation route.
Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.
Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.
Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. 
- Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact