Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 336 3 b Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
The reduced first-order equation cannot satisfy both endpoint values. The given outer expansion satisfies but has , so the boundary layer lies at and has stretched coordinate .
Write the inner expansion as . After multiplying the differential equation by , it becomesAt leading order,The boundary condition and matching to giveAt the next order,Matching to and imposing gives
The additive composite expansion is outer plus inner minus their common part. With , it isIt satisfies exactly through the retained order, satisfies the right boundary condition up to exponentially small terms, and is uniformly accurate to .