A Cooper pair is a correlated pair of fermions associated with superconductivity. The conventional BCS ground state uses opposite-momentum, opposite-spin pair creation operators . Their total momentum is zero for every relative momentum ; zero total momentum does not restrict to zero.
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A Cooper pair is a fundamental concept in the theory of superconductivity, which describes the pairing of two electrons (or other fermions) at very low temperatures. Named after the physicist Leon Cooper, who introduced the idea in 1956, Cooper pairs are essential for the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity. In a normal conductor, electrons experience repulsive interactions due to their negative charge.
