A nuclear exclusion clause is a provision commonly found in insurance policies, particularly in property and liability insurance, that excludes coverage for damages or losses resulting from nuclear incidents. This clause is designed to limit the insurer's liability in the event of a nuclear accident, explosion, or radiation exposure.
The Hiroshima-Nagasaki Protocol is a theoretical framework proposed for the establishment of a global nuclear weapons ban, inspired by the catastrophic impacts of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. It seeks to address the moral, humanitarian, and security implications of nuclear weapons and aims to prevent the future use of such weapons through international treaties and commitments.
Nuclear mines, also known as nuclear excavation devices, are theoretical or conceptual devices that would use nuclear explosions for large-scale digging or excavation purposes. The idea behind nuclear mines involves detonating a nuclear weapon underground to create a large cavity, potentially for purposes like mining resources, creating large underground structures, or other engineering applications. While the concept was explored during the Cold War, particularly in programs like the U.S.
Nuclear latency refers to the period during which a state possesses the technological and material capability to develop nuclear weapons but has not yet done so. This concept reflects a situation where a nation has the necessary knowledge, infrastructure, and resources that would allow it to build nuclear weapons relatively quickly if it chose to. States with nuclear latency are often categorized based on their level of preparedness and the political context surrounding their decision-making regarding nuclear weapons.
Neutron detection refers to the measurement and identification of neutrons, which are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of atoms. Neutrons play a crucial role in nuclear reactions, astrophysics, and various applications in science and industry. Neutron detection is important in several fields, including: 1. **Nuclear Safety and Security**: Detecting neutrons is vital for monitoring nuclear reactors, safeguarding nuclear materials, and preventing illicit trafficking of radioactive substances.
Femtosecond pulse shaping refers to the manipulation and control of ultrashort laser pulses, typically in the femtosecond range (10^-15 seconds). These pulses are extremely brief, allowing researchers and technologists to study and interact with fast processes in physical, chemical, and biological systems at a time resolution that was previously unattainable.
An output coupler is an essential component used in laser systems and certain types of optical cavities. It serves the purpose of allowing a portion of the light generated within the laser cavity to exit while reflecting the remainder back into the cavity to sustain the lasing process. Output couplers are typically partially reflective mirrors, with specific reflectivity characteristics tailored to the requirements of the laser.
Self-pulsation refers to a phenomenon in various physical systems where an oscillation or fluctuation occurs spontaneously, without the need for external periodic driving forces. This behavior can be observed in several contexts, including: 1. **Optics and Lasers**: In certain laser systems, self-pulsation can occur when the gain medium's properties and the feedback from the cavity lead to oscillations in the output intensity of the laser beam.
"Elektronika" is a journal that typically focuses on research and developments in the field of electronics, including areas such as electronic engineering, circuit design, systems, and related technologies. Journals like Elektronika publish peer-reviewed articles, research papers, and studies that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in electronics and its applications.
Best quote at 00:23:01: matters of small concern should be treated seriously.
The Google Story Chapter 21. A Virtual Library mentions that Paul Allen was interested in trying to create something like the "Final Encyclopedia" from this book. This is somewhat the same motivation for Google Books and Google's activities more broadly, as shown in their organise the world's information mission statement.
Ciro's best quotes selected by no one other than Ciro can be found at: Ciro Santilli's best random thoughts.
Jesus has some nice ones: Section "Quote by Jesus".
Related to technology:
- "Think" by Thomas J. Watson, 1915. The audio is a must: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Think_Thomas_J_Watson_Sr.ogg. The past greatness of IBM at its brightest.
These are websites that offer somewhat overlapping services, many of which served inspirations, and why we think something different is needed to achieve our goals.
Notably, OurBigBook is the result of Ciro Santilli's experiences with:OurBigBook could be seen as a cross between those three websites.
- Wikipedia
- GitHub
- Stack Exchange (or as non techies might point out, Urban Dictionary, or Quora before it was such an incomprehensible shitshow)
Quick mentions:
- handwiki.org/wiki/HandWiki:About: technically the same as Wikipedia, but with more aligned moderation policies
- ecotext.co/ similar goals. Their website seems quite broken now though as of 2021, can't see text properly. Crunchbase entry: www.crunchbase.com/organization/ecotext says they are from Durham, New Hampshire, United States. Cannot see how to publish, curated material only? Twitter: twitter.com/ecotextinc?lang=en One of the founders: twitter.com/BigNel_21 | www.linkedin.com/in/ecotextnelsonthomas/. Their LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/ecotext/people/
- fiveable.me/ bad: separates students and teachers, as a student I don't see where to create my content. Good: focus on teaching university level stuff to people outside of university via Advanced Placement. Bad: Lots of video content. Bad: Can't see the issue tracker attached to each page.
- LessWrong: their website system does have some similar feature sets to what we want. Reputation, Q&A sections, links between articles most likely, sort by upvote everywhere.
- crowdpub.org collaborative writing website, somehow goes to paragraph level, TODO how they reconcile different authors? Closed beta as of writing, so hard to be sure. From quick presentation on beta website, appears to attempt to share revenue to authors proportionally to the size of their contribution. Some blockchain-based reputation. Meh.
- TODO migrate all from: github.com/booktree/booktree/blob/master/alternatives.md
- studynotes.ie/. Admin approval on everything. No ToC. Fixed tag list for university entry exams topics.
- mindstone.com: there appears to be no sharing focus? File upload basesd? Not sure.
- EverybodyWiki
- looking for open source Confluence-alternatives is an interesting way to go:
- lists:
- BookStack:
- fixed 3-level page hierarchy
- writen in PHP
- Markdown support: www.bookstackapp.com/docs/user/markdown-editor/
- no source-level import-export apparently: www.bookstackapp.com/docs/admin/backup-restore/, youtu.be/WUvtzJfCAKE?t=904
- WYSIWYG: www.bookstackapp.com/docs/user/wysiwyg-editor/ via TinyMCE
- page content repeating: www.bookstackapp.com/docs/user/reusing-page-content/ (will be useful for course modelling)
- github.com/shuding/nextra converts Markdown links to Next.js links. We should look into how it works.
- zettelkasten.de/the-archive/ "The Archive" from zettelkasten.de/. Closed source. By German software engineer Christian Tietze twitter.com/ctietze?lang=en
- LLM generated wiki e.g.:
- docs.tigyog.app/cli beautiful website, but doesn't achieve much. Has a Markdown upload mechanism. Ah, those newbs who think the average user will care about markup upload to DB... Oh, wait...
- www.stuvia.com/en-gb/school/uk/oxford-university/physics. PDF uploads. In theory you have to own copyright: www.stuvia.com/en-gb/copyright/guidelines but it feels unlikely that most material was uploaded by the copyright owners. If those people are up, then why can't we? Maybe... Registred in the UK. People: some Dutch dudes:
- Project Xanadu: crazy overlaps, though that project is vaporware apparently?
Administrators of Project Xanadu have declared it superior to the World Wide Web, with the mission statement: "Today's popular software simulates paper. The World Wide Web (another imitation of paper) trivialises our original hypertext model with one-way ever-breaking links and no management of version or contents.
Static website-only alternatives:
- quarto.org/
- vitepress.dev. vitepress.dev/guide/markdown unmanaged internal links. Sample website: wiki.nikiv.dev/.
Conceptual:
- The Final Encyclopedia: science fiction concept, but the name was reused by Paul Allen in a research project
- second brain
- collective intelligence
fuseki.net/home/List-of-Patreon-Subs-with-Justification.html describes him well:
Homepage xahlee.org/ says:Nice Second brain vibe.
Let's see:
- LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/xahlee/
- youtu.be/a6J62TwOreY?t=271 OMG he also uses a Kinesis Advantage 2 keyboard-like keyboard! Maybe there is something here after all.
- he's also a mad tutorial writer: xahlee.info/Wallpaper_dir/c4_Derivation.html#gc2.2.2.1 like Ciro's Stack Overflow
- www.patreon.com/xahlee £835.2/month from ony 27 members as of 2023, holy crap not bad!
- he was in a bad spot as of 2014: xahlee.info/emacs/misc/xah_as_good_as_dead.htmlThread: www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/25pypq/im_about_as_good_as_dead_the_end_of_xah_lee/One is reminded of Chill and eat your bread in peace and Quote "Omar Khayyam's chill out quote". xahlee.org/PageTwo_dir/Personal_dir/xah.html autobiography is also of interest.
Breakdown:
Zen master and the little boy scene from Charlie Wilson's War
. Source. This is how Ciro Santilli first heard the old man lost his horse! The scene happens after the Americans seem to have had sucess in arming the Taliban in the 1980s to fight the Soviets, and then they decide to stop all monetary help to rebuild the country, which then leads to a terrorism threat many years later. Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. - Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact