Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is a multi-disciplinary research institution located in Upton, New York. It is operated by Brookhaven Science Associates, a partnership between Stony Brook University and the Battelle Memorial Institute. The staff at BNL includes a diverse group of professionals, including scientists, engineers, technicians, and administrative personnel, who work across various fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science, and materials science.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, which is a subsidiary of the Lockheed Martin Corporation. Located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and Livermore, California, Sandia is primarily a part of the U.S. Department of Energy's network of national laboratories. Its mission is focused on national security, nuclear deterrence, energy, and various technology innovations. Sandia plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety, security, and reliability of the U.

"Beyond Uncertainty" is not a specific term or phrase with a widely recognized definition, but it can be interpreted in various contexts. Generally, it may refer to the pursuit of knowledge, understanding, or stability in situations characterized by unpredictability or doubt. In different fields, "beyond uncertainty" could imply: 1. **Philosophy**: Exploring the nature of existence and knowledge, addressing what lies beyond doubts and uncertainties that pertain to human perception and understanding.

"Quantum" is a book by physicist Manjit Kumar that was published in 2008. The book provides a comprehensive historical overview of the development of quantum theory, focusing on the groundbreaking work of key figures like Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, and Werner Heisenberg, among others. It delves into the scientific discoveries and philosophical implications of quantum mechanics, exploring how these ideas changed our understanding of the universe.

Crystallography organizations are professional bodies and societies dedicated to the advancement of crystallography, which is the study of crystal structures and their properties. These organizations aim to promote research, education, and collaboration in the field of crystallography among scientists and researchers. They often provide resources such as journals, conferences, workshops, and networking opportunities.

Physics departments are academic divisions within universities or research institutions that focus on the study and teaching of physics, which is the branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy. These departments typically offer undergraduate and graduate programs in physics, encompassing a wide range of topics from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism, and modern physics.

Acousto-electronics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles of acoustics, electronics, and sometimes optics, to explore and utilize the interaction between acoustic waves and electronic devices. This area of study focuses on the generation, manipulation, and detection of acoustic waves (such as sound waves) and their effects on electronic systems. Key applications and concepts in acousto-electronics include: 1. **Acousto-optic Devices**: These devices use acoustic waves to modulate light.

Macrosonics is a term that refers to the use of very low-frequency sound waves, typically below the range of human hearing (20 Hz), for various applications. This technology is often explored in fields such as medicine, engineering, and environmental science. In medicine, macrosonics can be utilized for therapeutic purposes, such as in ultrasound treatments or non-invasive procedures that target tissues without causing damage. In engineering, it can be applied for material testing and analysis.

The noise floor refers to the level of background noise in a system or environment that can affect the performance and clarity of signals being processed or transmitted. It is an important concept in various fields, including telecommunications, audio engineering, and electronics. Here are some key points about the noise floor: 1. **Definition**: The noise floor is the measure of the sum of all unwanted signals (noise) within a given bandwidth, typically expressed in decibels (dB).

A radio noise source is a device or system designed to generate random electromagnetic noise across a certain frequency range, typically within the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. This noise can serve various purposes in telecommunications, electronics, and research. Here are some key points about radio noise sources: 1. **Types of Noise**: The noise created by such sources can include thermal noise, shot noise, and flicker noise, among others. Each type has unique characteristics and can be useful for different applications.

Time Gain Compensation (TGC) is a technique used primarily in radar and sonar systems, as well as in imaging and acoustic applications, to enhance the quality of the received signals. The purpose of TGC is to compensate for the loss of signal strength due to signal attenuation as the signal travels through a medium (like water or air) or as it propagates over distance.

Selectrix is a digital model railroad control system used primarily in model railroading, particularly in the DCC (Digital Command Control) context. It allows for the control and automation of model trains via digital signals, enabling more sophisticated operations compared to traditional analog methods. The system typically includes components such as: 1. **Command Station**: The central unit that sends signals to the locomotives and receives feedback from the layout.