The term "West number" can refer to different concepts depending on the context, but it is most commonly associated with a mathematical concept or a specific function within various fields. In mathematics, it might not be a widely recognized term, and it could refer to different things depending on the area of study (like statistics, graph theory, etc.).

A centered pentagonal number is a specific figurate number that represents a centered pentagon. It can be calculated using the formula: \[ C(n) = \frac{3n(n - 1)}{2} + 1 \] where \(C(n)\) is the nth centered pentagonal number and \(n\) is a positive integer representing the position in the sequence.

A square pyramidal number is a figurate number that represents the total number of stacked squares in a pyramid with a square base. The \(n\)-th square pyramidal number counts the number of squares in a pyramid that has \(n\) layers, where the bottom layer is \(n \times n\) and each layer above decreases by 1 in both dimensions until the top layer, which is \(1 \times 1\).

Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA) is a scientific method used to evaluate the ecological quality of plant communities based on their floristic composition. This approach is often employed in conservation biology, ecology, and land management to assess the health and integrity of ecosystems, particularly wetlands, prairies, and other natural habitats. The key components of FQA include: 1. **Indicator Species**: Species are assigned a "Coefficient of Conservatism" (C value), which reflects their tolerance to disturbance.

In statistics, an index is a numerical measure that represents relative changes in a particular variable or set of variables over time, across different categories, or within groups. It is often used to facilitate comparisons and analysis by consolidating complex datasets into a single metric. There are several types of indexes in statistics: 1. **Price Index**: This measures the relative change in the price level of a basket of goods and services over time.

The Trade-weighted effective exchange rate index (TWI) is an economic measure used to assess the value of a country's currency relative to a basket of other currencies, taking into account the trade relations with those countries. It is a composite index that reflects the weighted average of a country’s currency value against the currencies of its major trading partners, with weights reflecting the relative importance of the trade with those partners.

The United States Peace Index (USPI) is a measure designed to gauge the relative peace of different states and regions within the United States. Developed by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), the USPI evaluates states based on various indicators of violence and safety, including rates of homicide, violent crime, incarceration, and other factors that contribute to the overall peace and security of a state.

Amicable numbers are a pair of numbers for which the sum of the proper divisors (factors excluding the number itself) of each number equals the other number. In other words, if you have two numbers, \(A\) and \(B\), they are considered amicable if: 1. The sum of the proper divisors of \(A\) (denoted as \(σ(A) - A\)) equals \(B\).

A doubly triangular number is a figurate number that represents a triangular pyramid. In mathematical terms, a doubly triangular number can be derived by summing triangular numbers. The \(n\)-th triangular number \(T_n\) is given by the formula: \[ T_n = \frac{n(n + 1)}{2} \] Doubly triangular numbers can also be expressed in a closed formula.

A Genocchi number is a particular type of integer that arises in number theory and is related to the Bernoulli numbers. Specifically, the Genocchi numbers \(G_n\) are defined as the integers that can be expressed through the generating function: \[ \frac{2x}{e^x + 1} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} G_n \frac{x^n}{n!

A highly cototient number is a natural number \( n \) such that the equation \( x - \varphi(x) = n \) has more solutions than any smaller positive integer \( m \). Here, \( \varphi(x) \) is the Euler's totient function, which counts the number of integers up to \( x \) that are relatively prime to \( x \).

The Hofstadter sequence is a family of sequences named after the American computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter, who introduced it in his book "Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid." There are several variations of Hofstadter sequences, but one of the most well-known is the Hofstadter Q-sequence, defined recursively as follows: 1. \( Q(1) = 1 \) 2. \( Q(2) = 1 \) 3.

Patchy particles are a type of colloidal particle or nanostructure that possess specific, localized regions or "patches" with distinct chemical or physical properties. These patches can be designed to have different functionalities—such as hydrophobic or hydrophilic characteristics, or specific binding affinities—for the purpose of creating complex structures or assemblies. The unique surface properties of patchy particles allow them to interact selectively with other particles or molecules, enabling the formation of diverse and complex structures at the nanoscale.

An integer sequence is a list of numbers arranged in a specific order, where each number in the list (called a term) is an integer. Integer sequences can be defined in various ways, such as by a formula, a recurrence relation, or by specifying initial terms.

The Narayana numbers are a sequence of numbers that appear in combinatorial mathematics and are related to various counting problems, including those involving paths and combinations.

The term "power of 10" refers to expressions that represent numbers in the form of \(10^n\), where \(n\) is an integer. The power indicates how many times the base (10) is multiplied by itself.

A Thabit number is a specific type of integer that is part of a mathematical sequence defined by certain properties. The Thabit numbers are related to the Fibonacci sequence, specifically by being represented as a summation involving Fibonacci numbers. Formally, the n-th Thabit number \( T_n \) can be defined as: \[ T_n = \sum_{k=1}^{n} F_k \] where \( F_k \) denotes the k-th Fibonacci number.

Zero (0) is a number that represents a null quantity or the absence of value. It serves several important roles in mathematics and various number systems. Here are some key aspects of zero: 1. **Identity Element**: In addition, zero is the additive identity, meaning that when you add zero to any number, the value of that number remains unchanged (e.g., \(x + 0 = x\)).

An irrational number is a type of real number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction or ratio of two integers. This means that if a number is irrational, it cannot be written in the form \( \frac{p}{q} \), where \( p \) and \( q \) are integers and \( q \neq 0 \). Irrational numbers have non-repeating, non-terminating decimal expansions. This means their decimal representations go on forever without repeating a pattern.

Indefinite and fictitious numbers refer to concepts in different mathematical contexts, though they aren't standard terms in a traditional mathematical sense. However, here’s a breakdown of how these terms can be understood: ### Indefinite Numbers Indefinite numbers may refer to numbers that are not fixed or clearly defined.