Fixed-target experiments are a type of experimental setup commonly used in particle physics, nuclear physics, and other fields of physics to study the interactions of particles. In these experiments, a beam of particles (such as protons, electrons, or heavy ions) is directed towards a stationary target, which is usually made of a material like hydrogen, carbon, or other elements. The target is "fixed" in place, as opposed to "collider" experiments, where two beams collide head-on.

ANTARES (Astronomy with a Neutrino Telescope and Abyss environmental Research) is a neutrino telescope located in the Mediterranean Sea, off the southern coast of France. It is primarily designed to detect high-energy neutrinos, which are elusive subatomic particles that can provide valuable information about cosmic events, such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and other sources of high-energy astrophysical phenomena.

The ATLAS Forward Proton (AFP) project is an initiative associated with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The primary goal of the AFP project is to enhance the capabilities of the ATLAS detector by enabling the study of forward protons that are scattered at very small angles during high-energy proton-proton collisions.

An antiproton collector is a type of experimental apparatus designed to capture and store antiprotons, which are the antimatter counterparts of protons. Antiprotons are produced in high-energy particle collisions, such as those that occur in particle accelerators. The collection and study of antiprotons are significant for various fields of research, including particle physics and astrophysics.

The Beijing Electron–Positron Collider II (BEPC II) is a high-energy particle collider located in Beijing, China. It is an upgrade of the original Beijing Electron–Positron Collider (BEPC), which began operation in the 1980s. BEPC II was commissioned in 2008 and is designed to primarily study electron-positron collisions, providing insights into various areas of particle physics, including particle interactions and the properties of heavy quarks.

The Bevatron was a particle accelerator located at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) in Berkeley, California. It was operational from 1954 until 1993 and was notable for being one of the first large-scale proton synchrotrons, designed primarily for high-energy physics research. The Bevatron was capable of accelerating protons to energies up to 6.

The UA9 experiment is a high-energy physics experiment that was conducted at the CERN facility to study the properties of hadronic interactions, particularly with a focus on proton-antiproton collisions. The experiment aimed to investigate the production of high-energy hadronic jets, the behavior of quarks and gluons at high energies, and various aspects of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), which describes the strong force interactions between quarks and gluons.

A fixed-target experiment is a type of particle physics experiment in which a beam of particles (such as protons, electrons, or other subatomic particles) is directed at a stationary target. The target can be a solid, liquid, or even gas composed of various materials like hydrogen, carbon, or heavy elements.

KEKB, or the KEK B-Factory, is a particle accelerator facility located in Tsukuba, Japan, that was primarily designed to collide electrons and positrons at high energies. It was developed to enhance the study of B mesons and the phenomena of CP violation, which have important implications for our understanding of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The KEKB accelerator has two main rings: the high-energy ring (HER) and the low-energy ring (LER).

KM3NeT (Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope) is a large-scale underwater neutrino observatory designed to detect high-energy neutrinos coming from cosmic sources, such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and other astrophysical phenomena. The observatory is being constructed in the Mediterranean Sea and aims to significantly enhance our understanding of cosmic neutrinos and their sources.

The Kamioka Liquid Scintillator Antineutrino Detector (KLADS) is a neutrino detection experiment located in the Kamioka mine in Japan. The main goal of KLADS is to study antineutrinos, which are nearly massless particles produced in nuclear reactions, such as those occurring in nuclear reactors and in cosmic events. KLADS is designed to detect antineutrinos using a liquid scintillator, a type of material that emits light when charged particles pass through it.

The UA1 experiment was a particle physics experiment conducted at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, in the early 1980s. It was part of the larger family of experiments that contributed to the discovery of the W and Z bosons, which are fundamental particles responsible for the weak nuclear force. The UA1 collaboration was a prominent experiment at the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) collider and aimed to study proton-antiproton collisions.

The Mark I detector, also known as the Mark I at the Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory, was one of the first particle detectors designed for use in high-energy physics experiments. It was primarily used in the 1970s and played a significant role in experimental particle physics during its operational period.

The MilliQan (Millimeter-wave Quantum sensor for ANties) Experiment is a scientific project designed to search for evidence of dark matter, particularly in the form of light dark matter particles. Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible to traditional telescopes and detectors. It is thought to make up a significant portion of the universe's mass-energy content.

The Mississippi State Axion Search (MSAX) is a scientific initiative focused on the search for axions, which are hypothetical elementary particles proposed as a solution to several theoretical problems in particle physics, particularly in the context of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and dark matter. Axions are predicted to be extremely light, electrically neutral, and have very weak interactions with normal matter, making them challenging to detect.

"Monopole" in the context of astrophysics and physics refers to hypothetical particles or magnetic monopoles, which are entities that possess a net magnetic charge either of the north or south pole independently. In classical electromagnetism, magnetic fields are generated by dipoles (having both a north and south pole), and there has been theoretical interest in whether monopoles could exist. In cosmology and high-energy physics, magnetic monopoles are considered in various grand unified theories and models of the early universe.

The NA31 experiment was a particle physics experiment conducted at CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Its primary goal was to study the properties of neutral kaons (K0 mesons) and, in particular, to investigate the phenomenon of CP violation, which refers to the violation of the combined symmetry of charge conjugation (C) and parity (P).

NINA (Neutral Ion and Neutral Atom) is an accelerator that is designed to study the behavior of neutral particles, which can include atoms and ions in their neutral state. It is used in various fields of research, such as atomic physics, astrophysics, and materials science. NINA typically focuses on topics such as atomic collisions, ionization processes, and the interactions of neutral particles with other matter.

Rare symmetry-violating processes refer to physical phenomena in which certain fundamental symmetries of nature—such as charge conjugation (C), parity (P), and time reversal (T)—are not conserved. These processes are of great interest in the fields of particle physics and cosmology, as they offer insights into the underlying laws of physics and the behavior of particles at a fundamental level.

S-LINK (SCSI Link) is a communication protocol used primarily in computing and data storage contexts. It allows for the connection and communication between various hardware components, typically in SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) networks or systems. S-LINK is designed to facilitate high-speed data transfer between devices, enabling them to share resources efficiently. It has specific applications in server environments, storage solutions, and high-performance computing where rapid data access and transfer are crucial.