Semi-s-cobordism is a concept in the field of algebraic topology, particularly in the study of manifolds and cobordism theory. It can be considered a refinement of the notion of cobordism, which is related to the idea of two manifolds being "compatible" in terms of their boundaries.

Volodin space, often denoted as \( V_0 \), is a type of function space that arises in the context of functional analysis and distribution theory. It is primarily used in the study of linear partial differential equations and the theory of distributions (generalized functions). Specifically, Volodin spaces consist of smooth functions (infinitely differentiable functions) that behave well under certain linear differential operators.

Bill Casselman is a mathematician known for his work in the field of mathematics, particularly in analysis and number theory. He has made significant contributions to mathematical education and has created a variety of online resources, including mathematical puzzles and explanations. He has a popular website featuring mathematical problems, discussions, and insights aimed at both students and educators. Additionally, Casselman was involved in developing mathematical software and has published academic papers.

Bartel Leendert van der Waerden (1903–1996) was a prominent Dutch mathematician known for his work in abstract algebra, particularly in the areas of algebraic notation, number theory, and combinatorics. He is perhaps best known for van der Waerden's theorem in combinatorics, which concerns the existence of certain arithmetic progressions in sets of natural numbers.

Rosemary A. Bailey is a prominent British statistician known for her contributions to the field of statistics, particularly in the context of health and social sciences. She has held various academic and research positions and has published numerous works related to statistical methodologies and applications. If you have a more specific context or aspect of Rosemary A.

The Principal Ideal Theorem is a result in the field of algebra, specifically in the study of commutative algebra and ring theory. It is particularly relevant in the context of Noetherian rings. The theorem states that in a Noetherian ring, every ideal that is generated by a single element (a principal ideal) is finitely generated, meaning that these ideals can be described in terms of a finite set of generators.

Vlastimil Dlab is a Czech mathematician known for his contributions to the field of mathematics, particularly in combinatorial optimization and graph theory.

Algorithmic mechanism design is a field at the intersection of computer science, economics, and game theory. It focuses on designing algorithms and mechanisms that can incentivize participants to act in a way that leads to a desired outcome, particularly in environments characterized by strategic behavior and incomplete information.

In the context of parallel computing, the "broadcast" pattern refers to a method of distributing data from one source (often a master node or processor) to multiple target nodes or processors in a parallel system. This is particularly useful in scenarios where a specific piece of information needs to be shared with many other processors for them to perform their computations. ### Key Characteristics of the Broadcast Pattern: 1. **One-to-Many Communication**: The broadcast operation involves one sender and multiple receivers.

Conjunctive grammar is a formal grammar framework that extends traditional context-free grammars, primarily used in the field of computational linguistics and formal language theory. In conjunctive grammar, the productions (rules) allow the combination of multiple rules and conditions to generate strings in a more complex way than simple context-free grammars. The key feature of conjunctive grammars is their use of conjunctions in the grammar rules.

Gustav Rose refers to a few different topics depending on the context, so I'll outline the most notable ones: 1. **Gustav Rose (1798-1873)**: He was a prominent German mineralogist and geologist known for his work in studying minerals and their properties. Rose made significant contributions to the classification and description of minerals and was instrumental in developing mineralogy as a science.

"Breaking the Code" is a 1996 television film directed by Norman Stone, based on the life of the British mathematician and logician Alan Turing. The film is primarily focused on Turing's brilliant contributions to the field of mathematics, particularly during World War II when he played a crucial role in breaking the German Enigma code.

Willard Boyle (1924–2011) was a Canadian physicist known for his significant contributions to the field of physics, particularly in photonics and semiconductor technology. He is best known for his co-invention of the charge-coupled device (CCD) in 1969, along with George E. Smith. The CCD is a technology used to capture images in various devices, including digital cameras and telescopes, and has had a profound impact on photography, astronomy, and other fields.

Arturo Rosenblueth (1900–1972) was a Mexican scientist known for his contributions to cybernetics, systems theory, and the philosophy of science. He played a significant role in the development of ideas related to communication, control systems, and the relationships between machines and living organisms. Together with Norbert Wiener and Julian Bigelow, he helped establish the field of cybernetics, focusing on the study of how systems process information and regulate themselves.

Frederic Vester (1925–2010) was a German biologist, systems theorist, and environmentalist known for his work in the fields of ecological systems and the development of systems thinking. He is particularly recognized for creating the "Vester Model," a method for understanding and analyzing complex systems, particularly in relation to environmental and ecological issues. Vester's work emphasized the interconnectedness of various ecological, social, and economic factors and aimed to promote sustainable development.

Ryszard S. Michalski is a prominent computer scientist known for his contributions to the fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and knowledge representation. He is notably recognized for his work in inductive learning, which involves creating models that learn from examples or data. Michalski has been involved in the development of several learning systems and has contributed to theoretical aspects of artificial intelligence.

Minnesota functionals refer to a specific type of statistical tool or model used primarily in economic contexts, particularly in the analysis of consumption and production behaviors. They are often associated with the work of economists from the University of Minnesota, especially in relation to economic growth and business cycles. One well-known application of Minnesota functionals is in the estimation of economic relationships using econometric models, where they are employed in conjunction with Bayesian methods.

Martin measure is a concept from the field of probability theory and stochastic processes, particularly in relation to potential theory and the study of Markov processes. It is named after the mathematician David Martin, who made significant contributions to these areas. In the context of Markov processes, the Martin measure is often associated with edge-reinforced random walks and other stochastic models where one is interested in understanding the long-term behavior of the process.

A **measurable cardinal** is a type of large cardinal in set theory, which is a branch of mathematical logic. Large cardinals are certain types of infinite cardinal numbers that have strong properties, and measurable cardinals are one of the more well-studied types.

The Jacobi–Madden equation refers to a mathematical relationship that arises in the context of dynamics, particularly in the study of second-order equations and Hamiltonian mechanics. It is associated with the properties and transformations of certain integrable systems.