Rae Langton is a prominent philosopher known for her work in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and feminist theory. She has made significant contributions to discussions about the nature of meaning, speech acts, and issues related to sex and gender. Langton’s work often addresses themes of power, authority, and the implications of language and communication in social contexts.

Reidar Lie is a notable figure, primarily recognized in the field of mathematics, particularly in relation to algebra, geometry, or other areas of research. However, without additional context, it is difficult to specify exact contributions or works attributed to him, as there may be multiple individuals with the same name.

The Chasman–Green lattice is a specific type of crystal structure that is particularly relevant in the context of crystallography and materials science. It is characterized by its unique arrangement of atoms, which can be described in terms of its symmetry and geometric properties. This lattice is named after the researchers who first analyzed and described its structure.

Richard Wollheim (1923–2003) was a British philosopher and art critic, known for his contributions to aesthetics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of art. He made significant contributions to the understanding of visual art, particularly through his exploration of the relationship between representation and expression in art. Wollheim is well-known for his works such as "Art and Its Objects," where he discusses the nature of artistic interpretation and the role of the observer.

Robert Reich is an American economist, professor, author, and political commentator. He served as the Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997. Reich is known for his work on labor relations, economic policy, and income inequality. He has been a prominent advocate for progressive economic policies and has written several books on these subjects, including "The Work of Nations," "Aftershock," and "Saving Capitalism.

Roger Crisp is a prominent philosopher known for his work in ethics, particularly in the areas of utilitarianism and moral philosophy. He has contributed to discussions on moral theory, the nature of well-being, and the implications of ethical frameworks for practical decision-making. Crisp is an academic affiliated with various institutions, and his work often examines the philosophical foundations of ethical principles and how they apply to real-world issues.

Rom Harré is a prominent philosopher and psychologist known for his work in social psychology, philosophy of science, and the philosophy of psychology. He has contributed significantly to discussions on social constructionism and has explored how language, narratives, and social contexts shape human behavior and identity. Harré's research often emphasizes the importance of social interactions and the ways in which individuals understand themselves and others within cultural frameworks. He has also been involved in promoting the integration of philosophical insights into psychological practice and research.

Rosalind Hursthouse is a prominent philosopher known for her work in the field of environmental ethics and virtue ethics. She has contributed significantly to the understanding of how virtues and moral reasoning relate to issues concerning the environment and animal rights. Hursthouse is particularly recognized for integrating Aristotelian ethics with contemporary ethical discussions, focusing on how virtue can inform our responsibilities towards nature and non-human animals.

Russ Shafer-Landau is an American philosopher known for his work in ethical theory, metaethics, and moral philosophy. He is a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and has published extensively on topics such as moral realism, moral responsibility, and the nature of ethical reasoning. One of his notable contributions is his defense of moral realism, the view that moral facts exist independently of our beliefs or perceptions.

Stephen Yablo is a prominent philosopher, known primarily for his work in philosophy of language, metaphysics, and philosophy of mind. He is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and has made significant contributions to various areas of philosophy, including issues related to reference, modality, and the nature of objects.

Stephen Hetherington is a prominent philosopher known for his work in epistemology, the study of knowledge, and other areas of philosophy, including the philosophy of language and metaphysics. He is recognized for his contributions to discussions on epistemic virtue, trust, and the nature of knowledge. Hetherington has written several books and articles that explore these themes and has taught at various academic institutions.

Stephen Lawrence was a Black British teenager who became a significant figure in discussions about race relations and justice in the United Kingdom following his murder in 1993. Lawrence was stabbed to death in an unprovoked racially motivated attack in Eltham, South East London. The case garnered widespread media attention and led to a public outcry over the police's handling of the investigation, which was criticized for being slow and ineffective.

Tamar Gendler is a prominent philosopher known for her work in various areas of philosophy, including epistemology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive science. She has made significant contributions to topics such as imagination, belief, and the nature of knowledge. Gendler is also recognized for her interdisciplinary approach, blending philosophical inquiry with insights from other fields. Additionally, she has held academic positions, including faculty roles at institutions like Yale University.

Tsang Lap Chuen (曾立村) is a village situated in the Yuen Long District of Hong Kong. It is part of the New Territories region and is a permanent village recognized for various administrative purposes. The area is typically characterized by its rural landscape and traditional village life, with a history that reflects the broader cultural and social dynamics of Hong Kong's New Territories.

Uku Masing (1909–1984) was an Estonian poet, writer, and scholar, known for his contributions to Estonian literature and his work in philosophy, particularly in the fields of semiotics and hermeneutics. He is recognized for his innovative approach to poetry that blends traditional themes with modern existential inquiries. Masing was also a significant figure in the intellectual life of Estonia, engaging with various cultural and philosophical movements.

William Alston (1921–2009) was an influential American philosopher known primarily for his work in epistemology, philosophy of religion, and philosophy of language. He is best known for his defense of a form of epistemological relativism called "relational epistemology" and for his contributions to the understanding of religious experience and justification. Alston argued for the validity of religious experiences as sources of knowledge and was critical of naturalism's dismissive stance toward non-empirical forms of knowledge.

"A General Theory of Exploitation and Class" is a theoretical framework proposed by the economist and social theorist, Alan Carrasco, that seeks to analyze the dynamics of class and exploitation within socio-economic systems. The theory aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how different classes arise and how exploitation operates within various forms of economic organization.

A set-valued function is a type of mathematical function where, instead of associating each input with a single output, it associates each input with a set of possible outputs. Formally, a set-valued function can be defined as follows: Let \( X \) be a set (the domain) and \( Y \) be another set (the codomain).

Wolfgang Stegmüller (1923–2018) was a noted German philosopher, known primarily for his work in the philosophy of science, epistemology, and the philosophy of language. He made significant contributions to the discussions surrounding logical positivism and scientific realism, as well as the foundations of scientific theories. Stegmüller is especially recognized for his efforts to clarify and analyze scientific concepts and for his work on the structure and meaning of scientific theories.