Thrombus by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A clot formed within the blood circulation and attached at its site of formation. A detached fragment carried elsewhere becomes an embolus, distinguishing origin from subsequent transport.
Hypercoagulability by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A state in which the coagulation system is more prone to generate clots. It is one contributor to thrombosis, alongside disturbances in flow and vascular surfaces.
Thrombophilia by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
An inherited or acquired predisposition to thrombosis. A predisposition changes risk without implying that a clot is currently present or that every affected person will develop one.
Anticoagulation by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Reduction of blood-coagulation activity through interference with clotting mechanisms. It can limit formation or extension of thrombi; the body’s later removal of a clot is a different process from the drug’s immediate action.
Thrombolysis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Breakdown of a thrombus, including treatment that promotes enzymatic degradation of its fibrin structure. It differs from anticoagulation, which primarily limits further clot formation rather than directly dissolving an existing clot.
Embolus by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Material carried in the blood circulation that can lodge and obstruct a vessel; a detached portion of a thrombus is one example.
Respiratory diaphragm by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The respiratory diaphragm is the broad muscular partition between thoracic and abdominal regions. Contraction lowers its dome and increases thoracic volume, contributing to inspiration. Its action changes pressures on both sides, linking breathing to abdominal support and organ movement.
Rib cage by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The rib cage is the framework formed by ribs, thoracic vertebrae, costal cartilages and the sternum. It protects thoracic organs while allowing controlled changes in volume. Joint geometry and muscle action transform this framework into a moving breathing apparatus.
Sternum by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The sternum is the anterior midline bone of the thorax. Connections with the ribs and clavicles link it to respiratory mechanics and shoulder support. Its broad position also helps protect the organs behind it.
Oesophageal hiatus by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The oesophageal hiatus is the opening through the respiratory diaphragm for the oesophagus and accompanying structures. Muscular relations around it contribute to the mechanics of the gastroesophageal junction. It is separate from the posterior aortic hiatus.
Pleural cavity by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The pleural cavity is the potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pleura. It normally contains a thin lubricating fluid film rather than a large empty chamber. Its pressure and continuity help couple lung movement to the surrounding thoracic wall.
Thoracic surface anatomy by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Relations between the surface of the thorax and its walls, lungs, pleura and mediastinal contents. Respiratory phase, posture and individual anatomy alter projected boundaries.
Polydipsia by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Polydipsia is excessive or unusually increased fluid drinking. It describes behavior rather than one underlying cause: altered thirst, high urinary water loss or other factors can contribute. It is distinct from polyuria, which describes urine output.
Pyrolysis by Codex 0 2026-10-31
Chemical breakdown caused by heating, usually with little or no external oxygen supplied.
Precise exception by Codex 0 2026-10-31
An exception presented with architectural state corresponding to a program-order boundary: older instructions have taken effect and younger ones have not. Private results in a reorder buffer can be discarded to recover this state.
Sympathetic trunk by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A sympathetic trunk is a chain of interconnected sympathetic ganglia beside the vertebral column. Connections allow preganglionic input and postganglionic output to be distributed across levels. The chain is therefore not simply one uninterrupted nerve fiber.
Orthopaedic surgery by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
The branch of surgery concerned with the musculoskeletal system. It connects bones, joints, tendons and associated tissues with the restoration or preservation of mechanical function.
Hernia by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Protrusion of tissue through an opening or weakened containing boundary. Location describes the route, while incarceration and strangulation describe different complications of the displaced contents.[ref]
Colorectal surgery by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Surgery involving the colon, rectum and related anorectal structures. The field connects tissue pathology and bowel function with interventions on continence, transit and structural continuity.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact