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Dependence of gene expression on an allele's parental origin. Disrupted genomic imprinting can make reciprocal hybrid crosses differ in embryonic growth.[ref]
Evolutionary change in DNA sequences that regulate gene expression on the same molecule. A tissue-specific enhancer can change one deployment of a gene while preserving others, although regulatory changes can themselves have pleiotropy.
A regulatory DNA region that can increase gene expression in a suitable cellular context through interactions with regulatory machinery. The specificity of an enhancer can permit cis-regulatory evolution of one developmental deployment.
Use of DNA sequencing of RNA-derived material to characterize expressed products and their abundances. Tissue composition and developmental stage must be controlled when comparing gene expression across lineages.
Measurement of the relative expression of distinguishable alleles within the same sample. In an informative hybrid, the shared cellular environment helps test local regulatory differences, but mapping bias and parent-of-origin effects can complicate interpretation.
gene overexpression produces more of a gene product than the chosen reference state. Increased protein concentration can alter occupancy or create associations absent at endogenous abundance.
One of the distinct RNA products associated with a gene, differing through initiation, RNA splicing, end formation or other processing. Different transcript isoforms need not encode different proteins.
An RNA surveillance pathway that removes certain transcripts after a termination event interpreted in an abnormal context. It can alter observed transcript isoform abundance after RNA splicing, so mature abundance is not always a direct measure of the production ratio.
A sequence element acting on expression or processing of the molecule or locus carrying it. A binding motif in an intron can regulate nearby alternative splicing, with its effect depending on position and the available RNA-binding proteins.
An experimentally introduced gene whose measurable output reports a specified regulatory process. A change in protein output alone cannot distinguish altered transcription, RNA decay and biological translation.
Addition of a poly(A) tail to an RNA end. Its effect and regulation depend on the compartment and transcript class.
In many eukaryotic messenger RNAs, cleavage and addition of the tail help establish a mature end and influence export, biological translation and stability. Tail length can subsequently change. Polyadenylation is therefore a processing event whose functional consequence depends on the transcript and system. [ref]
Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th edition by Bruce Alberts and others. Chapter 6, From DNA to RNA: RNA processing
The DNA position corresponding to the first incorporated ribonucleotide in a primary transcript. A processed end need not identify a transcription start site.
An assembly of RNA polymerase and associated factors at a gene promoter before productive RNA synthesis. Its positioning and opening of template DNA help determine initiation.
Sequence-directed regulation guided by small RNAs, often through Argonaute. Its effects can include transcript destruction, repression of biological translation or recruitment of repressive chromatin, depending on the pathway.
A bacterial nutrient-stress response involving (p)ppGpp, reallocating expression away from rapid growth and toward survival and restored nutrient supply.
A T7 expression system uses bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase to transcribe an insert from a recognized promoter. Regulating the supply or activity of that polymerase can control expression. High transcript production can still yield insoluble or inactive protein.
A riboswitch is a structured RNA regulatory element whose ligand-binding state changes gene expression through a coupled expression platform. Depending on the system, the immediate output can be translation-initiation accessibility or transcription termination.
An RNA thermometer uses a temperature-dependent RNA structural equilibrium to regulate expression, often by masking or exposing a translation-initiation region. Demonstration requires a relevant temperature range and sequence-dependent structural controls.
Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project
Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
Intro to OurBigBook
. Source. We have two killer features:
- topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculusArticles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
- a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
- a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
Figure 1. Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page. View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivativeVideo 2. OurBigBook Web topics demo. Source. - local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
- to OurBigBook.com to get awesome multi-user features like topics and likes
- as HTML files to a static website, which you can host yourself for free on many external providers like GitHub Pages, and remain in full control
Figure 2. You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either OurBigBook.com or as a static website.
Figure 3. Visual Studio Code extension installation.
Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally. Video 3. Edit locally and publish demo. Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension. 
- Infinitely deep tables of contents:
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact