Processing of a precursor RNA that removes an intron and joins the flanking exons. The ribozyme experiments show one self-splicing mechanism; RNA splicing need not always be autonomous.
A molecular species produced during a partially completed splicing reaction. Time-dependent accumulation can help distinguish an assembly defect from a later catalytic block.
Coordinated recognition of the boundaries of an exon, helping specify splice-site pairing. Disrupting communication can repress exon use without directly occupying one essential site.
The dynamic RNA–protein machinery carrying out spliceosomal intron removal. Regulatory interference can occur during early assembly or later catalytic transitions.
A spliceosomal factor involved in substrate-specific 3′ splice-site recognition and progression through the second catalytic step. Interaction with Sex-lethal provides a mechanism of late splicing control.[ref]
A small nuclear ribonucleoprotein involved in 5′ splice-site recognition. Its association and productive communication with other sites are distinct steps.
An auxiliary splicing factor system involved in recognition of the polypyrimidine tract and 3′ splice-site region. Competition with its recruitment can alter use of alternative acceptors.
A multiprotein assembly associated with spliced RNA that can communicate processing history to later RNA regulation. A downstream complex can contribute to termination surveillance; it is not required for every form of nonsense-mediated decay.
A pyrimidine-rich precursor-RNA segment involved in recognition near many spliceosomal splice sites.
The precursor-RNA branch-site position whose reactive group initiates the first transesterification in spliceosomal RNA splicing.
A precursor-RNA position used as a boundary in RNA splicing. Selecting different donor or acceptor sites changes which sequences remain in the mature product.
The junction between segments joined during RNA splicing. A read crossing an exon–exon junction can distinguish a processed transcript from the corresponding unspliced precursor.
Production of different mature RNA sequences from the same precursor by changing which splice sites or exons are used. A cassette exon can be included in one transcript isoform and skipped in another.
Persistence of an intronic sequence in a transcript that would otherwise have been removed by RNA splicing. It can change coding potential, localization or transcript survival.
The inclusion fraction of an alternative exon or event. With effective included and skipped molecule abundances and , ; expressing this fraction as a percentage gives . Raw junction counts can require opportunity or length correction before substitution.
A predictive set of rules connecting RNA sequence features and cellular regulators to alternative splicing outcomes. A useful code predicts the extent of exon inclusion in a specified cell type, rather than merely listing enriched motifs.
A segment represented in a precursor RNA that is removed by RNA splicing; the corresponding segment of a gene is also called an intron. An intron can interrupt ribosomal RNA as well as messenger RNA.
An intron capable of catalysing its removal through RNA-mediated reactions, although proteins can assist folding and activity in cells.
A class of self-splicing introns with mechanistic and structural relationships to spliceosomal splicing. Some have mobile forms; this does not imply that an ordinary spliceosomal intron retains an autonomous mobile system.
Evolutionary reassortment of exon-associated coding segments. Introns can provide boundaries permitting changes in protein-domain arrangement, but the role of a particular intron requires historical evidence.
A class of introns with a conserved RNA catalytic core and a two-step RNA splicing mechanism initiated by external guanosine. Some group I introns self-splice under suitable conditions; others require protein assistance. The ribozyme body explains the Tetrahymena example.
A segment retained in the mature RNA after RNA splicing, or the corresponding segment of a gene. An exon need not encode a protein: the ribosomal RNA exons in the Tetrahymena ribozyme experiment are an example.
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