Supergeometry is a branch of mathematics that extends the concepts of geometry to include both geometric structures and "supersymmetrical" objects, which involve odd or "fermionic" dimensions. It arises from the study of supersymmetry in theoretical physics, where it plays a crucial role in string theory and quantum field theory. In conventional geometry, one typically works with spaces that are defined by traditional notions of points and curves in even-dimensional Euclidean spaces.

Synthetic Differential Geometry (SDG) is a branch of mathematics that provides a framework for differential geometry using a synthetic or categorical approach, rather than relying on traditional set-theoretic and analytical foundations. This approach is particularly notable for its use of "infinitesimals," which are small quantities that can be treated algebraically in a way that is similar to how they are used in non-standard analysis.

The term "tangential angle" can refer to different concepts depending on the context, but it generally relates to the angle formed by a tangent line to a curve or surface. Here are a couple of specific interpretations: 1. **In Geometry**: The tangential angle can refer to the angle between a tangent line (a line that just touches a curve at a single point) and the horizontal axis (or another reference line).

A Latin square is a mathematical concept used in combinatorial design, consisting of an \( n \times n \) grid filled with \( n \) different symbols, each occurring exactly once in each row and exactly once in each column. The symbols are typically represented by numbers or letters.

P3b refers to a specific component of the event-related potential (ERP) measured in electroencephalography (EEG). It is primarily associated with cognitive processes, particularly in tasks involving attention, memory, and the allocation of resources during information processing. The P3 wave, generally, is divided into two main subcomponents: P3a and P3b.

Ukrainian women mathematicians have made significant contributions to various fields of mathematics, often overcoming considerable challenges in a male-dominated field. Notably, Ukraine has a rich tradition in mathematics, and many Ukrainian women have emerged as prominent figures. Some notable Ukrainian women mathematicians include: 1. **Sofia Kovalevskaya** - Although she spent much of her professional life outside of Ukraine and is historically considered a Russian mathematician, her early education and influence were in Ukraine.

Elisabeth Camp is a prominent philosopher known for her work in the fields of philosophy of language, epistemology, and ethics. She is particularly interested in the ways that language shapes our understanding of the world and influences our thoughts and beliefs. Camp's research often explores topics such as metaphors, imagination, and the nature of fictional discourse. She has published numerous articles and papers that contribute to these areas, and her work is recognized for its depth and originality.

Ferdinand Ebner (1882–1931) was an Austrian philosopher known for his work in the fields of philosophy of language and the philosophy of social interaction. He is often associated with the philosophical tradition of phenomenology and is noted for his insights into the nature of human communication and the interpersonal dimension of existence. One of his significant contributions is the idea of "the other," emphasizing the relationship between individuals and how meaning is created through interaction.

Xunzi (also spelled Hsün Tzu) was an ancient Chinese philosopher who lived during the Warring States period (around 310–235 BCE). He is considered one of the three significant figures in Confucianism, along with Confucius and Mencius. Xunzi's philosophical contributions primarily focus on human nature, ethics, and governance. One of Xunzi's central ideas is his view on human nature, which contrasts sharply with that of Mencius.

"Live, virtual, and constructive" (LVC) refers to a concept primarily used in the context of military training and simulation. Each component has a distinct role in enhancing training exercises and operational readiness. Here's a breakdown of each term: 1. **Live**: This component involves actual physical training with real equipment, personnel, and resources. It typically includes exercises conducted in real environments where troops and assets are actively engaged.

Long-period tides refer to tidal oscillations that occur over longer time frames compared to the more typical diurnal (daily) or semidiurnal (twice daily) tides. Specifically, long-period tides are classified as having periods of greater than one day, usually 24 hours or more, and they manifest as variations in the sea level that are influenced primarily by gravitational interactions between the Earth, Moon, and Sun.

A tracking system is a technology or methodology designed to monitor and record the movement or status of objects, assets, or individuals over time. Tracking systems can be applied in various contexts, and they typically involve hardware, software, and communication technologies to capture and analyze data. Here are some common types of tracking systems: 1. **GPS Tracking Systems**: These use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to determine and track the location of vehicles, assets, or people in real-time.

The term "turnover number" can refer to a few different concepts depending on the context in which it is used. Here are a couple of common interpretations: 1. **In Finance and Business**: Turnover number often relates to the amount of business conducted by a company during a specific period. It can refer to total revenues or the total sales generated by the company. In this context, a higher turnover can indicate a more successful business operation.

A fixture unit is a measurement used in plumbing engineering to quantify the contribution of various plumbing fixtures to the overall demand for water in a building. This concept helps in determining the appropriate size of water supply and drainage systems. Each plumbing fixture (e.g., sinks, toilets, showers, bathtubs) is assigned a specific number of fixture units based on its typical flow rate and usage patterns. The fixture unit values are standardized and can vary by local codes or regulations.

Standard Cubic Feet per Minute (SCFM or sometimes just CFM) is a unit of measurement used to express the flow rate of gases. It indicates the volume of gas that flows through a specific point in a system per minute, standardized to certain conditions of temperature and pressure. The term "standard" refers to the conditions under which the volume is measured, which are typically set at a specific temperature (often 60°F or 15.

The term "Swiss units of measurement" typically refers to the metric system, which is the official system of measurement used in Switzerland. Like most European countries, Switzerland adopted the metric system in the 19th century, and it is used for most applications today. Key points about the Swiss measurement system include: 1. **Metric System**: In Switzerland, units like meters for length, kilograms for mass, and liters for volume are standard.

International Mathematics Research Notices (IMRN) is a scholarly journal that publishes research articles in all areas of mathematics. It is known for its high-quality, peer-reviewed research papers, which include original research articles that contribute to the field of mathematics. IMRN is distinguished by its focus on rapid publication of significant research results, and it aims to disseminate new mathematical findings to the broader mathematical community efficiently. The journal covers a wide range of topics and is accessible to both researchers and practitioners in the field.

Paul Tannery (1848-1904) was a notable French philologist and historian of science, particularly known for his work in the history of mathematics and astronomy. He is perhaps best recognized for his studies on the contributions of ancient civilizations to these fields, especially focusing on the mathematics of the Greeks and the astronomical practices of the Babylonians. In addition to his scholarly research, Tannery was involved in education and was a member of several academic societies.

Detlef Laugwitz is a mathematician known for his work in the field of algebra and the philosophy of mathematics. He has made contributions to various mathematical areas, including algebraic structures and the foundations of mathematics. His work often emphasizes the connections between mathematical theory and its philosophical implications.

In the context of computing, "2007" can refer to a few different things depending on the context: 1. **Microsoft Office 2007**: One of the most notable releases from that year was Microsoft Office 2007, which introduced the Ribbon interface and significantly updated features and file formats. This version marked a significant change in how users interacted with Office applications.