Children: Ion channels
P2X purinoreceptors are a family of protein receptors that are part of the purinergic signaling system. They are ionotropic receptors that are activated by extracellular ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and belong to the larger family of purinergic receptors, which also includes P1 receptors (adenosine receptors). P2X receptors are trimeric proteins, meaning they are composed of three subunits that come together to form a functional ion channel.
Paralytic is a gene found in the fruit fly, *Drosophila melanogaster*. The gene encodes for a voltage-gated sodium channel, which plays a critical role in the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons and muscle cells. Mutations in this gene can lead to a range of phenotypic effects, particularly affecting the nervous system and muscle function.
Polycystin 1 (PC1) is a large, multi-domain protein that is primarily associated with the function of renal epithelial cells and plays a crucial role in kidney development and function. It is encoded by the PKD1 gene, and mutations in this gene are associated with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a condition characterized by the formation of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, leading to renal dysfunction.
Q-type calcium channels are a specific class of voltage-gated calcium channels that play a significant role in mediating the influx of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) into cells in response to membrane depolarization. They are primarily found in neurons and certain types of muscle cells and are integral to various physiological processes, including neurotransmitter release, muscle contraction, and the generation of electrical signals.
R-type calcium channels are a specific type of voltage-gated calcium channel that is primarily involved in the modulation of synaptic transmission and the regulation of various physiological processes in excitatory neurons. These channels play a critical role in the influx of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) into cells in response to depolarization of the cell membrane. R-type calcium channels are classified based on their response to voltage and their pharmacological properties.
ROMK (also known as Kir4.1) is a protein that is encoded by the KCNJ10 gene in humans. It is a member of the inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel family, which plays a crucial role in maintaining the resting membrane potential of cells and regulating potassium ion flow across cell membranes. ROMK is particularly important in the kidney, where it is involved in the reabsorption of potassium ions in the renal tubules.
Ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) is a calcium release channel located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal muscle cells. It plays a critical role in the process of muscle contraction by releasing calcium ions (Ca²⁺) into the cytoplasm when the muscle is stimulated. This released calcium then binds to proteins such as troponin, leading to muscle contraction through the sliding filament mechanism.
Ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) is a type of intracellular calcium release channel found primarily in cardiac muscle cells. It is part of the ryanodine receptor family, which also includes other isoforms such as RyR1 (predominantly found in skeletal muscle) and RyR3 (found in various tissues). RyR2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) in the heart, which is essential for muscle contraction and relaxation.
Ryanodine receptor 3 (RyR3) is one of the three isoforms of ryanodine receptors, which are intracellular calcium channels primarily located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells, as well as in other cell types.
SCN2B is a gene that encodes the beta subunit of type II voltage-gated sodium channels. These channels play a crucial role in the generation and propagation of action potentials in neurons and other excitable tissues. The beta subunits, including those encoded by the SCN2B gene, are essential for the proper functioning and regulation of the alpha subunit (the main component) of sodium channels.
SK3 can refer to several different things depending on the context. Here are a few possibilities: 1. **Sk3 (Solaire)**: In some contexts, SK3 could refer to specific models or versions of technology or products, such as software, hardware, or devices. For example, Solaire (a gaming company) has been mentioned in relation to project SK3.
The term "SK channel" can refer to different concepts depending on the context. Here are a few possible interpretations: 1. **SK Telecom**: In the context of telecommunications, "SK channel" might refer to channels or services provided by SK Telecom, a major South Korean telecommunications company.
The Shaker gene is a gene that encodes a voltage-gated potassium channel in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. This gene is crucial for the proper functioning of the nervous system, as it plays a key role in regulating the resting membrane potential and repolarization of neurons. The Shaker gene is often cited in research on ion channels and neurobiology, as its mutations can lead to altered electrical properties of neurons, impacting behaviors such as locomotion and muscle contraction.
Small-conductance mechanosensitive channels (also known as MscS channels) are a type of ion channel that respond to mechanical stimuli, such as changes in membrane tension. These channels are primarily found in bacteria, but similar proteins have been identified in eukaryotic cells.
TPCN1, or TPC1 (Two-Pore Channel 1), refers to a type of ion channel involved in the transport of ions across cellular membranes. Specifically, TPCN1 is a member of the two-pore channel (TPC) family and is primarily known for its role in calcium ion (Ca²⁺) signaling.
TPCN2, or "Two-Pore Channel 2," is a gene that encodes a protein belonging to the family of two-pore channels, which are involved in the transport of ions across cell membranes. This protein specifically functions as a ion channel that selectively allows the passage of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and other cations.
TRPA1 (Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1) is a protein that functions as a receptor and is part of the TRP ion channel family. It is primarily expressed in sensory neurons and plays a crucial role in detecting environmental stimuli, particularly noxious or harmful stimuli, such as pungent chemicals, irritants, and temperature changes.
TRPA (Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1) is a type of ion channel that is part of the TRP (Transient Receptor Potential) family of cation channels. TRPA1, the most studied member of this family, is found predominantly in sensory neurons and is known to play a crucial role in detecting environmental stimuli, particularly those that are noxious or pain-inducing.
TRPC stands for "TypeScript Remote Procedure Call." It is a framework designed to simplify the development of type-safe APIs using TypeScript, allowing developers to build full-stack applications with ease. With TRPC, you can create TypeScript-based endpoints that can be called directly from the front end, ensuring that both the client and server share the same type definitions. This helps in reducing runtime errors and improving developer experience by providing autocompletion and type checking.