Covalent methyl-group modification of DNA, involved in regulation and cellular memory. Its relationship to transcription depends on genomic location and biological context.
Methylation in an asymmetric CHH sequence context, where H is A, C or T; maintenance of the pattern requires repeated targeting rather than direct copying from a symmetric dyad.
Methylation in the CHG sequence context, where H is A, C or T; its restoration is strongly coupled to H3K9 methylation.
Establishment of methylation at a site that lacks the previous methylation pattern; sequence-directed and chromatin-directed recruitment provide specificity.
Loss of methylated cytosines through active enzymatic replacement or through failed maintenance during replication.
A plant DNA glycosylase involved in reproductive epigenetic reprogramming and maternal imprinting effects.
A plant DNA glycosylase/lyase involved in active DNA demethylation through a repair-associated pathway.
A methyltransferase recruited by RNA-directed DNA methylation that can establish methylation in multiple cytosine sequence contexts.
A genomic interval with a statistically supported difference in DNA methylation between the compared samples.
A posterior methylation profile gives the posterior probability of DNA methylation at each modeled site. It differs from one sampled binary pattern and from a maximum-probability joint pattern.
Articles by others on the same topic
The first found and most important known epigenetic marker.
Happens only on adenine and cytosine. Adenine methylation is much less common in mammal than cytosine methylation, when people say "methylation" they often mean just cytosine methylation.
It often happens on promoters, where it inhibits transcription.