A Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) is the complete domain name for a specific host or resource on the internet. An FQDN specifies its exact location within the Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy, and it includes the host name and the domain name, including all higher levels of the domain. An FQDN consists of: 1. **Host Name**: The specific name for a particular computer or device within the domain (e.g.
Optical fiber by Ciro Santilli 40 Updated 2025-07-16
Video 1.
The Story of Light by Bell Labs (2015)
Source. Gives some ideas of the history of fiber optics. Features: Herwig Kogelnik.
Video 3. . Source. 2008 at MIT. Theory and demonstration.
Hybrid mail is a service that combines traditional postal mail and digital communication technologies. It allows users to prepare and send mail through digital means that are then printed, processed, and delivered by a postal service. Here's how it typically works: 1. **Digital Document Creation**: Users create a document, letter, or mail item using digital tools, such as word processors or specific hybrid mail software.
A suppression list is a compilation of contacts or identifiers that should be excluded from certain communications or marketing efforts. These lists are typically used in email marketing, advertising, and other forms of outreach to prevent messages from being sent to recipients who have opted out, unsubscribed, or should not be included for various reasons.
DOS emulation software is a program that allows users to run applications and games designed for the DOS (Disk Operating System) environment on modern operating systems that do not natively support DOS programs. This is particularly useful because DOS was widely used in the 1980s and 1990s, but most contemporary operating systems, like Windows 10, macOS, and Linux, do not include native support for DOS applications. The most popular DOS emulation software is **DOSBox**.
Linux emulation software allows users to run Linux applications or entire Linux environments on non-Linux operating systems, such as Windows or macOS. Emulation can provide an environment where Linux binaries can be executed without needing a full Linux installation. Here are several forms and types of Linux emulation software: 1. **Virtual Machines**: Tools like VirtualBox, VMware, and Parallels allow users to create a virtualized Linux environment on a host operating system.
CICS, which stands for Customer Information Control System, is a transaction server developed by IBM that primarily runs on mainframe operating systems like z/OS. It is designed to facilitate the development and execution of online transaction processing (OLTP) applications. CICS provides a robust and efficient environment for managing transactions in real-time, ensuring high availability, scalability, and security for business-critical applications.
"Engineering images" can refer to a few different concepts, depending on the context in which the term is used. Here are a few interpretations: 1. **Technical Drawings and Diagrams**: In engineering fields, "engineering images" often refer to technical drawings, blueprints, schematics, and diagrams that represent structures, machinery, or systems. These images are crucial for visualizing designs, understanding specifications, and facilitating the manufacturing or construction processes.
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) refers to the technology and systems used to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in residential, commercial, and industrial environments. Here's a brief overview of each component: 1. **Heating**: This component is responsible for increasing the temperature of indoor spaces during colder months. Common heating systems include furnaces, heat pumps, electric heaters, and boilers. These systems distribute heated air or water throughout a building to maintain a comfortable temperature.
A materials oscilloscope, typically referred to as a material testing oscilloscope, is an advanced measurement tool used to analyze the electrical properties and characteristics of materials, particularly in research and industrial applications. These oscilloscopes are specialized for assessing materials by providing high-resolution time-domain measurements and can be employed in various fields, including electronics, materials science, and engineering.
A pistonless rotary engine is a type of internal combustion engine that operates on a rotary motion rather than the linear motion typical of traditional piston engines. One of the most well-known designs of a pistonless rotary engine is the Wankel engine, which uses a triangular rotor that spins around an eccentric housing to create chambers for intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust. **Key Features of Pistonless Rotary Engines:** 1.
The Gluhareff Pressure Jet is a specific type of jet propulsion system that was developed by the Russian engineer and inventor Alexander Gluhareff in the 1950s. This propulsion method is notable for its unique design, which incorporates a pressure jet mechanism to produce thrust. The key features of the Gluhareff Pressure Jet include: 1. **Design**: The system utilizes a combustion chamber where fuel and oxidizer are mixed and ignited, creating high-pressure gases.
Roger Cowley is a prominent physicist known for his work in the field of condensed matter physics, particularly in the study of glasses, liquids, and amorphous materials. He has made significant contributions to our understanding of the elastic and structural properties of these materials. Cowley has also been involved in research related to neutron scattering techniques, which are used to investigate the atomic structure and dynamics of materials.
Louis Essen (1908-1997) was a notable British physicist best known for his work in the field of time measurement. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the development of atomic clocks. Essen played a key role in the invention of the first practical atomic clock in the 1950s, which utilized the vibrations of atoms (specifically, cesium atoms) to achieve a high level of accuracy in timekeeping.
Peter Nellist was a British man known for his tragic death in a shark attack off the coast of New South Wales, Australia, in February 2022. The incident gained significant media attention as it raised concerns about shark safety in the region. His death was one of several shark attacks reported in the area in recent years. Beyond this incident, there may not be extensive public information available about him.
Victor Emery is a figure associated with the field of science or a specific domain, but without more context, it's difficult to provide details about him. There may be multiple individuals with that name in various professions or fields.
The term "scaling pattern of occupancy" can relate to various contexts, such as urban planning, architectural design, environmental studies, and even data science. However, without a specific context, it's a bit ambiguous. Below are a few interpretations based on different fields: 1. **Urban Planning and Architecture**: In these fields, the scaling pattern of occupancy might refer to how populations distribute themselves in urban environments as towns or cities grow.
The Centre de Recherche en Epistémologie Appliquée (CREA) is a research center focused on epistemology, the study of knowledge, and its applications in various fields. CREA typically engages in interdisciplinary research, exploring how epistemological theories can be applied to different domains such as science, technology, social sciences, and education. The center aims to contribute to the understanding of how knowledge is constructed, validated, and utilized in practice.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 2.
    You can publish local OurBigBook lightweight markup files to either https://OurBigBook.com or as a static website
    .
    Figure 3.
    Visual Studio Code extension installation
    .
    Figure 4.
    Visual Studio Code extension tree navigation
    .
    Figure 5.
    Web editor
    . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
    Video 4.
    OurBigBook Visual Studio Code extension editing and navigation demo
    . Source.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact