The "bankruptcy problem" typically refers to a situation in which a firm or individuals cannot meet their debt obligations when they fall due, leading to the possibility of bankruptcy or insolvency. In the context of finance and economics, bankruptcy can have several implications. ### Key Aspects of the Bankruptcy Problem: 1. **Inability to Pay Debts**: The primary characteristic of bankruptcy is the inability to repay creditors.

Trying to use gallium arsenide was Seymour Cray's fatal last flaw as mentioned at The Supermen: The Story of Seymour Cray by Charles J. Murray (1997).

The Supermen: The Story of Seymour Cray by Charles J. Murray (1997) page 4 mentions:

Game AI is an artificial intelligence that plays a certain game.

It can be either developed for serious purposes (e.g. AGI development in AI games), or to make games for interesting for humans.

"Constrained Equal Awards" is a principle used in decision-making and resource allocation, particularly in situations where individuals or groups compete for limited resources or opportunities. The concept is often applied in economics and game theory. In essence, the principle aims to allocate resources in a way that provides equal awards (or outcomes) to participants while adhering to certain constraints or limitations. These constraints could be based on factors such as fairness, efficiency, or the specific requirements of a given situation.

The Contested Garment Rule is a concept that emerged from international trade regulations, particularly within the context of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and various trade agreements. It essentially refers to disputes over the classification and treatment of specific garments, particularly in terms of tariffs and trade quotas. Under this rule, countries may contest the classification of a garment when it is perceived that the classification could lead to trade advantages for one country over another.

The Quora question: www.quora.com/Are-there-any-PhD-programs-in-training-an-AI-system-to-play-computer-games-Like-the-work-DeepMind-do-combining-Reinforcement-Learning-with-Deep-Learning-so-the-AI-can-play-Atari-games

A good way to find labs is to go down the issues section of projects such as:and then stalk them to see where they are doing their PhDs.

Bargaining power refers to the relative ability of parties in a negotiation to influence the terms and outcomes of that negotiation. It is the strength or leverage that one party has over another when it comes to negotiating agreements or contracts. Bargaining power can derive from various factors, including: 1. **Resource Control**: Having control over resources that the other party needs can enhance bargaining power. For instance, a supplier that provides a unique or essential product may have more leverage in negotiations with customers.

This is a good project. Limited scope to 2D card-like games, but very good within that scope.

Ciro Santilli used it for the 2D version of his Ciro's 2D reinforcement learning games.

The definition is not very precise, as in many games with random elements there is a mixture of both skill and luck.

So we just use the precise Non-deterministic game term instead for any game that has any random element beyond the control of the players.

Mostly video games of course.

First when he was really young, about 5, Ciro played a lot of NES, but he doesn't remember things from that era very well. Contra, Ninja Turtles, Battle Tanks, Duck Hunt, and some modern "real world jet" top to bottom rail shooter (TODO identify) are definitely some of the games he clearly remembers playing, see also: Figure "Five year old Ciro Santilli playing NES on a joystick". Nintendo hard was truly a thing back then.

As an honorable mention, Ciro remembers his teenage/young adult neighbours in Jundiaí playing some DOS games on their computer, notably there was a 3D racing one. This must have been around 1995/1997, so using some of the very earliest GPUs. Those games felt so incredibly advanced, including the required setup to play them, which required some command-line commands. It felt like some kind of black magic! But Ciro didn't really play them however.

Ciro then skipped the SNES and handhelds, which he played only through friends because he was cheap (but also because Brazil is a poor country remember, and imports are pretty expensive). He clearly remembers playing Super Mario World for the SNES and Pokemon on friends' Gameboys of course.

Ciro then went straight to 5th generation with the Nintendo 64 in 1994 which his parents bought for him during a trip to the United States. Once again, because he was cheap, the only game he bought was Super Mario 64, which likely came with the console? He played that game to death.

Then came Ocarina of Time, which blew everyone's minds, and Ciro would go to Blockbuster to rent it for the weekend, and again play to death with his friends. You had to arrive early at Blockbuster to rent it, otherwise other people would rent all copies!!!

The only time Ciro got robbed as of 2020 was when an older teenager stopped his bicycle in front of Ciro and took his rented Golden Eye 64 copy away from his hand, and run off. Poor drug addict.

Ciro always felt that the PS1 had a much uglier aesthetics than the N64, and didn't like the console. Playing a bit of Final Fantasy VI on his memory did stick deeply to his mind however. Ciro later played all good PS1 RPGs on emulation during University of São Paulo during amazing solitary nights.

And on the PC, Ciro was particularly touched by Age of Empires II and Diablo II.

As a young teenager Ciro would also play Counter-Strike with his friends at LAN houses. Playing that game would make Ciro extremely anxious, his hands got all cold, and it was a lot of fun.

After this Ciro grew up and notice that the only fun game is that of becoming become rich and famous in the real world.

This explains however Ciro's tool-assisted speedrun interests.

Outside of video games, Ciro got midly addicted to Magic: The Gathering in his early teens.

In basketball, a "turnover" refers to a situation where the offensive team loses possession of the ball to the defensive team without taking a shot. Turnovers can occur for various reasons, including: 1. **Bad Passes**: When a player throws the ball to a teammate who is unable to catch it, or when the pass is intercepted by an opponent. 2. **Traveling**: When a player takes too many steps without dribbling the ball, resulting in a violation.

True Shooting Percentage (TS%) is a basketball statistic that measures a player's scoring efficiency by taking into account field goals, three-point field goals, and free throws. It provides a more comprehensive view of a player's scoring ability than traditional shooting percentages, as it recognizes the different values of various types of shots. The formula for calculating True Shooting Percentage is: \[ TS\% = \frac{Points}{2 \times (Field Goals Attempted + 0.

The Taylor Knock-out (TKO) factor is a concept used primarily in the context of music and audio engineering. It refers to a measurement or index that helps determine the effectiveness of a given sound engineering or mixing technique in terms of its ability to achieve a desired audio quality or impact. However, the term may not be universally recognized and could be specific to certain industries or applications. If you're referring to the TKO factor in a different context (e.g., biomedical, statistical, etc.