In the Higgs mechanism, gauge fields associated with broken generators acquire longitudinal polarizations and masses by absorbing Goldstone modes. Gauge fields of the unbroken subgroup remain massless.
Unitary gauge uses a gauge transformation to remove the Goldstone fields from the Higgs multiplet, leaving the physical radial Higgs excitation and massive vector fields.
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The Higgs mechanism is a process in particle physics that explains how certain fundamental particles acquire mass through their interaction with the Higgs field. The Higgs field is a scalar field that permeates all of space, and it is associated with the Higgs boson, a fundamental particle confirmed by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012.
