By Robert Sedgewick, Kevin Wayne.

Edited by Peter Ljunglöf, Alex Gerdes, Jonas Almström Duregård. The index labels these three people as editors; no separate chapter author is identified.

Book index: chalmersgu-data-structure-courses.github.io/dsabook/html/index.html

By Michael R. Clarkson et al.

By Ryan O'Donnell, Michael Saks, Oded Schramm, Rocco A. Servedio.

Publisher: arXiv (repository).

Online text: arxiv.org/pdf/cs/0508071

arXiv version 1 submitted on 16 August 2005. The retrieved PDF typesetting date is not used as the publication year.

Cited passages: O'Donnell, Saks, Schramm and Servedio, Every decision tree has an influential variable, section 1.2, p. 2: δ_i(T) and Δ(T); section 3.1, p. 6: distinct coordinates along each root–leaf path; O'Donnell, Saks, Schramm and Servedio, Every decision tree has an influential variable, sections 1.1–1.2, pp. 1–2: worst-input expected randomized cost R(f) versus input-distribution average Δ(T).

By Harry Buhrman, Ronald de Wolf.

Publisher: Elsevier.

Published in Theoretical Computer Science.

Online text: homepages.cwi.nl/~rdewolf/publ/qc/dectree.pdf

Journal publication year 2002. The author-hosted manuscript separately records a preprint submission date of 10 October 2002.

Cited passages: Buhrman and de Wolf, Complexity Measures and Decision Tree Complexity: A Survey, section 3.1, manuscript p. 5: deterministic trees and D(f).

David R. MacIver wrote Notes on the design of a conference scheduler by David R. MacIver, documenting the translation of a scheduling task into a computational model. He also describes the design of Hypothesis, a property-based testing library: instead of specifying only individual test examples, a user describes a family of inputs and the property those inputs must satisfy. The implementation searches for cases that expose failures.^[ref]

Rocco A. Servedio studies computational complexity, computational learning theory, property testing and randomness in computation. His author homepage describes these interests.^[ref] He is also a coauthor of Every decision tree has an influential variable by Ryan O'Donnell and others, linking algorithmic queries to Boolean-variable influence.^[ref]

Oded Schramm coauthored Every decision tree has an influential variable by Ryan O'Donnell and others. The paper connects the variance of a Boolean function to the influences of its input coordinates and the probabilities that a decision tree examines them. This makes the observations performed by an algorithm constrain the structure of the function it computes.^[ref]

Ronald de Wolf coauthored Complexity Measures and Decision Tree Complexity: A Survey by Harry Buhrman and Ronald de Wolf. Its subject is the relationship between ways of measuring a Boolean function's computational difficulty, particularly query and certificate measures and their quantum counterparts.^[ref]

Harry Buhrman coauthored Complexity Measures and Decision Tree Complexity: A Survey by Harry Buhrman and Ronald de Wolf. The survey relates measures of Boolean-function complexity, including deterministic and randomized decision-tree queries, certificate size and quantum query complexity. These comparisons separate how a function is represented from how much information an algorithm must inspect to compute it.^[ref]

Liquid chromatography separates components of a mixture using a liquid mobile phase and a stationary phase with which they interact differently. Adsorption, partitioning, ion exchange, and size exclusion provide different retention mechanisms.

For example, reversed-phase separation retains hydrophobic analytes more strongly than many polar ones under a given aqueous-organic mobile phase. Changing solvent composition can alter retention and selectivity. The method is useful for nonvolatile and thermally sensitive molecules that are unsuitable for direct gas chromatography.

The chromatographic stationary phase remains in place during separation. A porous packing in size-exclusion chromatography supplies internal liquid regions with size-dependent accessibility; ideal separation requires no adsorption of the solute to the packing.

A chromatographic stationary phase may instead expose a solid surface for adsorption, or retain an immobilized liquid into which solutes partition. In ordinary silica gel thin-layer chromatography, interactions with the surface delay migration. This mechanism differs from ideal SEC pore access.

The chromatographic mobile phase carries solutes through the apparatus. In liquid chromatography it is a liquid solvent or chemical solution.

The eluent is the supplied chromatographic mobile phase. Its composition can alter both solute solubility and competition for adsorption sites, so changing the eluent can change retention even with the same chromatographic stationary phase.

By Anthony E. Butterfield, credited as Tony Butterfield.

Online text: www.che.utah.edu/teaching_module/carbon-captured-chalk/

Teaching module hosted by the University of Utah Department of Chemical Engineering and developed through the NSF Research Coordination Network on CCUS. The byline credits Alissa Park with the precursor module, rather than coauthorship of this adaptation. No publication date is stated.^[ref]

Cited passages: Summary; Materials and Methods, apparatus and steps 1–13; Optional Activities and Extensions, microscope slide; Background for Teachers.

Online text: www2.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/genchem/lab/labdocs/modules/volflask/volflaskmix.htm

Web host: University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Chemistry website. No personal author, institutional issuer or publication date is identified in the inspected module. The text explains the homogeneity requirement; no measured concentration readings are supplied.

Cited passages: Opening explanatory paragraph: neck liquid may differ from bulk concentration; Final sentence: neck solution must have same concentration as remainder.

Online text: www2.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/genchem/lab/labdocs/modules/volflask/volflaskfill.htm

Web host: University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Chemistry website. No personal author, institutional issuer or publication date is identified in the inspected module. The text and image caption were inspected; embedded video playback is not claimed.

Cited passages: Final three paragraphs: room temperature, calibration temperature, no stirring bar during filling; Final paragraph and image caption: eye-level meniscus and calibration mark.

Online text: www2.chem.wisc.edu/deptfiles/genchem/lab/labdocs/modules/volflask/volflaskdisol.htm

Web host: University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Chemistry website. No personal author, institutional issuer or publication date is identified in the inspected module. The text and self-check explanation were inspected; embedded video playback is not claimed.

Cited passages: Transfer paragraph: dissolved sample plus solvent rinsings; Self-check explanation: incomplete dissolution and transfer reduce actual molarity.

Online text: staff.buffalostate.edu/nazareay/che301/l1.pdf

Inspected title: Laboratory Experiment 1. Calibration of Volumetric Glassware.

Web host: Buffalo State institutional staff website. The inspected handout does not identify a personal author or an institutional issuer; hosting does not establish authorship. No publication date is established.

Cited passages: p. 1: flask weighing principle, Calibrating 25 mL pipette, correct use and eye-level meniscus; p. 2: independent balance/thermometer checks, dissolved-air limitation, clean and freely draining pipette; pp. 2–3: Calibration Procedure steps 1–8, ten weighings, initial/final temperature, mean and standard deviation.

By Magdalena Wajrak, Tim Harrison.

Online text: www.ecu.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/910443/Chemical_Demonstration_Booklet_Interactive_Final_14.2.21.pdf

The cover credits Magdalena Wajrak and Tim Harrison as preparers and prints 2021. Edith Cowan University hosts the booklet; the two preparer credits apply to the whole booklet.

Cited passages: Chemical Demonstrations Booklet (2021), demonstration 16, printed p. 32, “Equipment”, “Preparation”, “Observations” and Figures 1–3; p. 33, Figure 4; Demonstration 16, printed pp. 32–33: zinc-sulfate comparison and zinc/copper-sulfate equation.

By Andrei Tokmakoff.

Online text: ocw.mit.edu/courses/5-74-introductory-quantum-mechanics-ii-spring-2009/469d0f5a6e82924ebe811b7bc42b6159_MIT5_74s09_lec06.pdf

Authored lecture 6 notes explicitly credit Andrei Tokmakoff and are dated 25 February 2009. Distributed in MIT 5.74, Introductory Quantum Mechanics II, Spring 2009; authorship is credited to these notes rather than to every resource in the course.

Cited passages: Andrei Tokmakoff, §6.2, printed pp. 6-7–6-8, equations (6.40)–(6.44): induced dipole, polarizability tensor and rotational Raman response; Andrei Tokmakoff, §§6.1–6.2, printed pp. 6-2–6-6, equations (6.8)–(6.10), (6.27)–(6.29): population difference and rotational dipole matrix elements.