John Passmore (1914–2004) was an influential Australian philosopher, known particularly for his work in the fields of philosophy of education, aesthetics, and environmental ethics. He is recognized for his contributions to the understanding of moral and ethical issues, as well as his critiques of empirical and analytic philosophy. Passmore was a prominent figure in establishing philosophy as a serious academic discipline in Australia and contributed to various philosophical discussions, including the nature of existence and the role of philosophy in society.

Kathleen Lennon is a prominent philosopher known for her work in the areas of philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, and feminist philosophy. She has contributed to discussions surrounding issues of self, personal identity, and the nature of consciousness. In particular, her research often explores the intersections of gender, language, and embodiment.

Leonard Linsky is not a widely recognized figure in popular culture, history, or science as of my latest knowledge update in October 2023. It's possible that he is a professional or a less well-known individual whose prominence may have arisen after that date or within a niche field.

Michael P. Lynch is a prominent philosopher, particularly known for his work in the fields of philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and epistemology. He has written extensively on topics such as the nature of truth, the relationship between language and thought, and the implications of digital technology for knowledge and belief. He is also noted for his discussions on issues related to perception, meaning, and the nature of reality.

Morton White was an influential American philosopher, known for his work in the philosophy of science and the philosophy of social science. He was born on December 15, 1917, and passed away on July 5, 2023. His contributions to philosophy include discussions on the nature of scientific reasoning, the relationship between philosophy and other disciplines, and the concept of social inquiry. White was associated with the University of California, Berkeley, and later with Columbia University.

Noam Chomsky is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, and social critic, widely regarded as one of the most influential intellectuals of the 20th century. Born on December 7, 1928, he is best known for his groundbreaking work in the field of linguistics, particularly for developing the theory of transformational-generative grammar, which revolutionized the study of language.

P. F. Strawson, or Peter Frederick Strawson (1919–2006), was a prominent British philosopher known for his work in various areas of philosophy, including metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind.

Paul Boghossian is an American philosopher and professor known for his work in epistemology, philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to discussions regarding the nature of knowledge, the problem of skepticism, and issues surrounding meaning and interpretation. Boghossian has taught at several institutions, including New York University, where he has been a prominent figure in the philosophy department.

Peter Singer is an Australian philosopher best known for his work in bioethics and his advocacy for animal rights. Born on July 6, 1946, he is a professor of bioethics at Princeton University and has written extensively on issues such as utilitarianism, global poverty, and ethical treatment of animals. Singer is often associated with the ethical framework of utilitarianism, which emphasizes the consequences of actions and the importance of maximizing well-being.

"Jangle" can refer to a few different concepts depending on the context: 1. **Musical Context**: In music, "jangle" often describes a bright, ringing sound typical of certain types of guitars, especially in genres like folk rock and jangle pop. This sound is characterized by the use of arpeggiated chords and a clean, chiming tone.

Sally Haslanger is a prominent American philosopher known for her work in social and political philosophy, especially on issues related to gender, race, and social justice. She is a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and has made significant contributions to feminist theory, epistemology, and metaphysics. Haslanger is particularly recognized for her arguments regarding the social construction of gender and race.

Samuel Scheffler is an American philosopher known for his work in ethics, political philosophy, and the philosophy of death. He is a professor at New York University and has made significant contributions to discussions about the meaning of life, moral philosophy, and the implications of our mortality. One of his notable works is "Death and the Afterlife," where he explores how concepts of death affect our understanding of life and values.

Thomas Nagel is an American philosopher known for his work in a variety of areas including philosophy of mind, ethics, political philosophy, and the philosophy of language. He was born on July 4, 1937, and has been a prominent figure in contemporary philosophy. Nagel is perhaps best known for his essay "What Is It Like to Be a Bat?" (1974), where he argues that there are fundamental limitations to our understanding of the subjective experiences of other beings.

Robert Nozick was a prominent 20th-century philosopher best known for his work in political philosophy, especially his defense of libertarianism. He gained widespread recognition with his book "Anarchy, State, and Utopia" (1974), which served as a response to John Rawls' influential work "A Theory of Justice" (1971).

"Philosophical Explanations" is a concept that typically refers to the ways in which philosophical inquiry seeks to clarify, elucidate, or provide understanding about fundamental questions and issues in various domains such as ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, and more. This idea might be tied to the works of prominent philosophers, but it's most commonly associated with the book titled "Philosophical Explanations" by Robert Nozick, published in 1981.

"Siddhantasara" is a Sanskrit text that is recognized as one of the essential works in the field of Indian astronomy and mathematics. It is attributed to the Indian mathematician and astronomer Bhaskara II, also known as Bhaskara Acharya, who lived in the 12th century CE. The term "Siddhantasara" can be translated to mean "Essence of the Theorems" or "Essence of the Principles.

"The Bounds of Sense" is a philosophical work by Peter Strawson, published in 1966. The book is primarily an analysis of Immanuel Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason." In it, Strawson examines Kant's ideas about knowledge, experience, and the limits of human understanding, focusing on how Kant's views can be interpreted and assessed in contemporary philosophical discourse.

"Unended Quest" is a philosophical work by the philosopher and logician E. J. Lowe. The book explores fundamental questions about existence, reality, and the nature of philosophical inquiry. Lowe examines the limits of human understanding and the challenges of addressing complex philosophical problems. He delves into the relationship between philosophy and science, the pursuit of knowledge, and the role of metaphysics in shaping our understanding of the world.

"Plato's beard" is a philosophical concept that emerges in discussions about the nature of definitions and categorization, particularly in the context of how we understand and classify things in the world. The phrase is often associated with the problems of vagueness and how language can sometimes fail to capture the essence of a concept. The term is not directly from Plato’s own works, but it arises from a modern philosophical dialogue concerning the paradoxes of definitions.