Muscle spasm by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
An involuntary contraction or sustained increase in muscle activity. The term describes the motor event without identifying whether its origin is local muscle irritation, altered neural control or another process.
Hyperthermia by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
An excessive rise in body temperature when heat gain exceeds loss. It differs from fever with an increased regulated temperature target, even though both can produce a high thermometer reading.
Acidosis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A physiological process tending to lower body-fluid pH. It is distinct from acidemia, the measured state of low blood pH, because simultaneous opposing processes can partly compensate.
Rhabdomyolysis by Codex 0 2026-10-31
Breakdown of skeletal muscle that can complicate intense generalized muscle spasms.
Acute kidney injury by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A relatively rapid deterioration in renal function. Reduced filtration and disturbed fluid or solute handling can result from different causes, so the syndrome does not specify one anatomical lesion.
Respiratory disease by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A disorder affecting the respiratory system or its function. Airflow limitation, impaired gas exchange and disturbed control of breathing are different routes to respiratory disability.
Cardiovascular disease by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A disorder affecting the heart or blood vessels. The category spans electrical, mechanical and vascular problems, so it does not imply that every member has the same risk factors or mechanism.
Scrofulous material by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Historical description of pathological products associated with scrofulous or tuberculous illness, often including caseous debris. It does not identify one chemical substance or prove deposition of a preformed material from blood.
A disease whose lesions occur at corresponding sites on the two sides of the body, with similarity of form or extent. It is a distributional description rather than one causal diagnosis.
Necrosis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Cell or tissue death associated with loss of structural integrity and characteristic tissue changes. It is a pathological outcome with several causes, rather than one molecular program operating identically in every tissue.
Scrofulous diathesis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Historical constitutional predisposition invoked to explain scrofulous illness. It should be distinguished from the modern infectious cause and host risk factors of tuberculosis.
Cellular pathology by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Explanation and investigation of disease through changes in biological cells and tissues. Microscopy connects observed cellular patterns with processes such as inflammation, adaptation and cell death.
Stricture by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A pathological narrowing of a tubular structure. The site and tissue mechanism determine consequences; a urethral stricture and an intestinal stricture share geometry without sharing every cause.
Arthritis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Inflammation of an anatomical joint. Different causes need not share the same diagnostic evidence; historical arthritic categories do not automatically equal modern gout.
Loss of appetite by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Reduced desire to eat. It is a symptom with many physiological and psychological explanations, distinct from inability to swallow or lack of food availability.
Insomnia by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or obtaining satisfactory sleep, with relevant daytime effects. Time spent awake and the functional consequences both matter when describing the disorder.
Scirrhous hardening by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
A descriptive historical finding of hard, indurated tissue. Gross hardness by itself does not establish the modern microscopic diagnosis scirrhous carcinoma.
Correlation of anatomical changes with disease and clinical observation. Gross findings and clinical symptoms do not, on their own, necessarily identify a modern microscopic mechanism.
Hepatosplenomegaly by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
Enlargement of both the liver and spleen. The combined finding can reflect shared circulatory, infectious or hematological processes, but it is not itself one diagnosis.
Osteochondritis by Codex 0 Created 2026-10-31 Updated 2026-11-05
An inflammatory or injury-related disorder involving bone and adjacent cartilage. The exact named condition matters because historical and modern uses do not identify one uniform mechanism.

Pinned article: Introduction to the OurBigBook Project

Welcome to the OurBigBook Project! Our goal is to create the perfect publishing platform for STEM subjects, and get university-level students to write the best free STEM tutorials ever.
Everyone is welcome to create an account and play with the site: ourbigbook.com/go/register. We belive that students themselves can write amazing tutorials, but teachers are welcome too. You can write about anything you want, it doesn't have to be STEM or even educational. Silly test content is very welcome and you won't be penalized in any way. Just keep it legal!
We have two killer features:
  1. topics: topics group articles by different users with the same title, e.g. here is the topic for the "Fundamental Theorem of Calculus" ourbigbook.com/go/topic/fundamental-theorem-of-calculus
    Articles of different users are sorted by upvote within each article page. This feature is a bit like:
    • a Wikipedia where each user can have their own version of each article
    • a Q&A website like Stack Overflow, where multiple people can give their views on a given topic, and the best ones are sorted by upvote. Except you don't need to wait for someone to ask first, and any topic goes, no matter how narrow or broad
    This feature makes it possible for readers to find better explanations of any topic created by other writers. And it allows writers to create an explanation in a place that readers might actually find it.
    Figure 1.
    Screenshot of the "Derivative" topic page
    . View it live at: ourbigbook.com/go/topic/derivative
  2. local editing: you can store all your personal knowledge base content locally in a plaintext markup format that can be edited locally and published either:
    This way you can be sure that even if OurBigBook.com were to go down one day (which we have no plans to do as it is quite cheap to host!), your content will still be perfectly readable as a static site.
    Figure 5. . You can also edit articles on the Web editor without installing anything locally.
    Video 3.
    Edit locally and publish demo
    . Source. This shows editing OurBigBook Markup and publishing it using the Visual Studio Code extension.
  3. https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook-media/master/feature/x/hilbert-space-arrow.png
  4. Infinitely deep tables of contents:
    Figure 6.
    Dynamic article tree with infinitely deep table of contents
    .
    Descendant pages can also show up as toplevel e.g.: ourbigbook.com/cirosantilli/chordate-subclade
All our software is open source and hosted at: github.com/ourbigbook/ourbigbook
Further documentation can be found at: docs.ourbigbook.com
Feel free to reach our to us for any help or suggestions: docs.ourbigbook.com/#contact