Mary Sue Coleman coauthored mutational analysis of active-site residues in human adenosine deaminase. Purified recombinant enzymes and variants were compared for activity, kinetic parameters, and zinc content.

A mutation can change metal binding as well as reaction chemistry. Measuring both helps distinguish loss of a catalytic interaction from loss of a correctly assembled active site.^[ref]

V. Sideraki coauthored research on histidine.^[ref]

An amino acid with a side chain containing an imidazole ring. Its metal-coordination properties support purification through a histidine tag.

Linda C. Kurz coauthored research on histidine.^[ref]

An amino acid with a side chain containing an imidazole ring. Its metal-coordination properties support purification through a histidine tag.

M. S. Child coauthored reference tables for applying group theory to molecules. A character table makes the symmetry behaviour of a vibration or electronic function comparable with the irreducible representations of the relevant molecular point group.^[ref]

C. S. G. Phillips coauthored reference tables connecting molecular symmetry with group theory. Their character tables organize how coordinates, rotations and other molecular quantities transform under a point group, supporting assignments in molecular spectroscopy.^[ref]

Derek E. Haycock coauthored research on X-ray emission spectroscopy.^[ref]

X-ray emission spectroscopy studies the frequency spectrum of emitted X-rays. The spectral line positions identify electronic energy differences; their strengths also depend on excitation, photon absorption inside the sample, geometry and detector response. An X-ray tube may excite a sample with electrons, while X-ray fluorescence uses incident photons. The distinction matters when choosing what the experiment measures: identifying a chemical element from a line position is different from determining its abundance from a line strength.

Qiu Shi investigated an efficient aromatic carbon–hydrogen oxazolination reaction. The work joins synthetic preparation with mechanistic tests, using an activated cyclic carbamate and comparing isotope and substrate-competition behaviour.^[ref]

Yu Huang coauthored a study of aromatic carbon–hydrogen oxazolination. Comparison of kinetic, isotope, and competition experiments connected the observed aromatic functionalization with a proposed reaction mechanism.^[ref]

Wenbo H. Liu coauthored an investigation of aromatic carbon–hydrogen oxazolination. The study combined an activated cyclic carbamate with kinetic, isotope, and competition experiments to examine how a new nitrogen-containing ring is formed.^[ref]

Masaaki Suzuki coauthored research on alkylation.^[ref]

Alkylation introduces an alkyl group into a molecule. The new group may attach to carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or another suitable atom; the name alone does not specify the mechanism.

Hiroko Koyama coauthored research on alkylation.^[ref]

Alkylation introduces an alkyl group into a molecule. The new group may attach to carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or another suitable atom; the name alone does not specify the mechanism.

Ryōji Noyori developed chiral catalysts for asymmetric hydrogenation, in which addition of hydrogen preferentially produces one enantiomer. This work was recognized by the 2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.^[ref]

The catalyst creates competing reaction paths with different activation free energies. It can thus favour one molecular handedness while being regenerated, linking catalysis with stereoselectivity.

Mieczysław Mąkosza coauthored mechanistic work on vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in nitroarenes. Isotope effects, base dependence, and competing substitution pathways support reversible addition followed by base-induced elimination.

The evidence distinguishes that sequence from a proposed hydride-shift alternative. Combining several measurements is valuable because one product structure can be compatible with more than one imagined mechanism.^[ref]

Tomasz Glinka coauthored research on vicarious nucleophilic substitution.^[ref]

Vicarious nucleophilic substitution replaces aromatic hydrogen using a nucleophile that carries its own leaving group. In nitroarenes, reversible carbanion addition gives a sigma-H adduct; base-induced elimination of the hydrogen and the nucleophile-borne leaving group, followed by protonation, gives substitution without expelling hydride.

Alan J. Jones coauthored research on conformation.^[ref]

A molecular conformation is a spatial arrangement accessible through motions such as rotations around single bonds, without changing the molecule's connectivity. Distinct conformations can have different potential energies and interconvert at different rates.

Ernest L. Eliel coauthored research on conformation.^[ref]

A molecular conformation is a spatial arrangement accessible through motions such as rotations around single bonds, without changing the molecule's connectivity. Distinct conformations can have different potential energies and interconvert at different rates.

David M. Grant coauthored research on conformation.^[ref]

A molecular conformation is a spatial arrangement accessible through motions such as rotations around single bonds, without changing the molecule's connectivity. Distinct conformations can have different potential energies and interconvert at different rates.

M. C. Knoeber coauthored research on conformation.^[ref]

A molecular conformation is a spatial arrangement accessible through motions such as rotations around single bonds, without changing the molecule's connectivity. Distinct conformations can have different potential energies and interconvert at different rates.

William F. Bailey coauthored research on conformation.^[ref]

A molecular conformation is a spatial arrangement accessible through motions such as rotations around single bonds, without changing the molecule's connectivity. Distinct conformations can have different potential energies and interconvert at different rates.

Neil F. Langille coauthored research on hydroalumination.^[ref]

Hydroalumination adds an Al–H equivalent across an unsaturated bond. Syn and directed trans pathways give different alkenyl-aluminium geometries; protonolysis can preserve that stereochemical information.