Zin-Min Tun investigated Lewis acid adducts of a cyclic phosphazene with group13 compounds. Crystallography and variable-temperature multinuclear NMR spectroscopy characterized the prepared adducts, giving structural evidence about coordination to the ring.^[ref]

Sivapackia Ganapathiappan coauthored research on phosphazene.^[ref]

A phosphazene contains phosphorus–nitrogen bonding often represented with formal P=N units. Ionic bonding and negative hyperconjugation provide a modern account; formal double-bond drawings do not require phosphorus $3d$ pi bonding.

Setharampattu S. Krishnamurthy coauthored kinetic studies of aromatic-amine reactions with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene. Rate measurements and methanol trapping support a base-promoted elimination-addition pathway under the studied conditions.

The mechanistic conclusion concerns a specified reaction regime. Direct substitution can remain important under other conditions, illustrating how chemical kinetics tests pathways rather than assigning one universal mechanism to a compound.^[ref]

Serap Beşli coauthored research on cyclotriphosphazene.^[ref]

A cyclotriphosphazene contains an alternating six-membered ${\mathrm{P}}_3{\mathrm{N}}_3$ ring. Substitution at its phosphorus atoms can generate geminal, non-geminal and spiro derivatives.

Harry R. Allcock coauthored Phosphonitrilic Compounds. VI. High Molecular Weight Poly(alkoxy- and aryloxyphosphazenes) by Harry R. Allcock and others.

Polyphosphazenes have a backbone of alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms with substituents attached to phosphorus. Changing those substituents alters properties such as flexibility and chemical resistance without changing the basic backbone, which is central to the poly(alkoxy- and aryloxyphosphazene) materials described in the publication.

Qingpin Xiao coauthored research on finasteride.^[ref]

Finasteride is an unsaturated 4-azasteroid inhibitor of steroid 5α-reductase. Enzyme-generated reduction and enolate capture of oxidized cofactor give a covalent cofactor–inhibitor adduct; the protein itself need not be covalently modified.

Herbert G. Bull coauthored research on finasteride.^[ref]

Finasteride is an unsaturated 4-azasteroid inhibitor of steroid 5α-reductase. Enzyme-generated reduction and enolate capture of oxidized cofactor give a covalent cofactor–inhibitor adduct; the protein itself need not be covalently modified.

John E. McGrady studies how electronic structure controls the chemical bonds and magnetism of inorganic metal clusters. In an endohedral metal cluster, a metal atom sits inside a cage; calculating the interaction between that atom and the cage can distinguish a nearly independent enclosed metal from a structure with strongly shared electron density. His group uses density functional theory and multiconfigurational methods to examine these possibilities.^[ref]

Homepage: mcgrady.chem.ox.ac.uk/

John H. Enemark coauthored Principles of structure, bonding, and reactivity for metal nitrosyl complexes by John H. Enemark and Robert D. Feltham.

The study concerns metal nitrosyl complexes. Their metal-nitric-oxide bonding can make a simple oxidation-state assignment misleading, so a combined electron count groups related electronic structures without requiring electrons to be localized uniquely on one partner.

Elham Nour Ghassemi investigated the two lowest electronic states of the lithium trimer using multireference calculations. A diabatic representation converts the behaviour near a conical intersection into a form suitable for studying coupled nuclear and electronic motion.^[ref]

Mario Santoro coauthored research on carbon.^[ref]

Carbon is the chemical element with atomic number 6 and symbol $\mathrm{C}$. Its ability to form chains, rings, and multiple bonds underlies organic chemistry. Diamond and graphite contain the same element but different bonding networks, demonstrating how structure can transform hardness and electrical behavior without changing elemental composition.

Thomas M. McDonald investigated cooperative carbon dioxide uptake in diamine-appended metal–organic frameworks. Insertion into metal–amine bonds forms ammonium-carbamate chains, connecting a molecular reaction with the sharp step observed in an adsorption isotherm.^[ref]

Timothy Hughbanks authored molecular-orbital teaching notes that explain bonding in diatomic molecules and s–p mixing. Orbitals can interact only when their symmetry permits it, and the resulting energy shifts depend on their energetic separation and overlap.

The example shows why the ordering of molecular orbitals cannot always be obtained by placing unmixed atomic levels beside one another.^[ref]

Texas A&M University institutional profile: artsci.tamu.edu/chemistry/contact/profiles/timothy-hughbanks.html.

Aron Walsh coauthored research on lone pair.^[ref]

A lone pair is an electron pair assigned to one chemical atom without a connecting line to another chemical atom in a Lewis structure. It is usually shown as two dots. Water has two lone pairs on oxygen, accounting for four valence electrons; Ammonia has one lone pair on nitrogen, accounting for two. In $\mathrm{O}=\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}$, each oxygen has two lone pairs, and carbon has none.

Graeme W. Watson coauthored research on lone pair.^[ref]

A lone pair is an electron pair assigned to one chemical atom without a connecting line to another chemical atom in a Lewis structure. It is usually shown as two dots. Water has two lone pairs on oxygen, accounting for four valence electrons; Ammonia has one lone pair on nitrogen, accounting for two. In $\mathrm{O}=\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{O}$, each oxygen has two lone pairs, and carbon has none.

Scott P. Semproni coauthored research on cobalt.^[ref]

The chemical element with atomic number 27. Cobalt-56 is the intermediate radioactive nucleus in the nickel-56 decay chain.

Carsten Milsmann coauthored electronic-structure studies of cobalt pincer complexes. Comparing intact and modified ligand frameworks connects electronic descriptions with experimentally characterized chemical transformations.

Formal metal oxidation states are useful bookkeeping, but they do not alone specify where electrons are distributed in a metal-ligand system. This makes combined structural and electronic evidence valuable in coordination chemistry.^[ref]

Paul J. Chirik coauthored research on four-coordinate cobalt pincer complexes and ligand modification through homolytic and heterolytic pathways. The study includes a dinitrogen complex with a modified ligand framework.

A ligand can undergo chemical change rather than acting only as an unchanged spectator around a metal. Tracking both the metal's electronic structure and the ligand's connectivity is therefore essential to understanding these complexes.^[ref]

Andreas Orthaber combined calculation and experiment to examine the hydrogen chloride adduct of trimethylphosphine oxide. The electronic-structure analysis describes a strongly polar phosphorus–oxygen sigma bond and oxygen lone-pair negative hyperconjugation, illustrating how bonding descriptions depend on the chosen orbital analysis.^[ref]

Ferdinand Belaj coauthored structural research on a hydrogen-chloride adduct of trimethylphosphine oxide. The work combines molecular geometry with calculations of the phosphorus-oxygen bonding framework.

Comparing these approaches helps distinguish a measured atomic arrangement from a model-dependent partition of electron density into localized chemical bonds.^[ref]