A free field is expanded in positive- and negative-frequency plane waves multiplied by annihilation and creation operators.
A Fock state has specified occupation numbers. Applying creation operators to the vacuum constructs multiparticle momentum eigenstates.
Intrinsic parity is the phase by which a field transforms under spatial inversion after its spacetime argument is reflected. For a Hermitian scalar field it is or .
A propagator is a time-ordered two-point function and a Green function for the quadratic kinetic operator with an boundary prescription.
In a covariant gauge, the photon propagator is the inverse of the gauge-fixed Maxwell kinetic operator.
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