An exoplanet atmospheric observatory characterizes planetary spectra through transit, eclipse, phase-curve, high-dispersion, or direct-imaging observations.
The Hubble Space Telescope provides ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared transit and eclipse spectroscopy and established many early detections of atoms, aerosols, and atmospheric escape.
The James Webb Space Telescope combines a 6.5-metre aperture with stable near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy. Its instruments measure transit, eclipse, and phase-curve spectra across multiple molecular bands.
Ariel is an ESA mission designed to survey the visible and infrared atmospheres of about one thousand planets through transit and eclipse spectroscopy.
The Extremely Large Telescope combines a 39-metre-class aperture, adaptive optics, direct imaging, and high-dispersion spectroscopy to characterize giant and terrestrial exoplanets.
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