Replacement or shedding of an outer covering during development.
Study of embryos and their formation. Historical embryology combined dissection, optical microscopy, comparison of developmental stages and, increasingly, experimental intervention.
The extraembryonic coelomic space surrounding the early amniotic and yolk-sac structures except where the connecting stalk provides attachment.
Embryonic endodermal outpocketing between pharyngeal arches. The first contributes to the tubotympanic recess.
Embryonic region containing the developing dorsal aorta and associated tissues; a site of emergence of definitive haematopoietic stem cells.
Embryologist whose separated sea-urchin blastomeres demonstrated regulatory development in the tested conditions.
Embryologist who investigated fertilization and nuclear participation in the development of embryos.
Progressive formation and differentiation of an organism during biological development, historically contrasted with preformationism. It must not be confused with the modern concept of epigenetics.
The historical view that embryonic development enlarges an already formed organism rather than generating its organization progressively.
The transition from predominant reliance on maternally supplied products to zygotic gene expression, accompanied by regulated turnover or redeployment of maternal molecules.
Attachment and embedding of a mammalian conceptus in maternal tissue. Embryonic and extraembryonic tissues undergo coordinated morphogenesis during this transition.
Formation and differentiation of plant tissues and organs, continuously influenced by internal state and the environment.
A specialized plant organ hosting symbiotic nitrogen fixation in compatible associations. Nodule initiation, bacterial infection and effective nitrogen fixation are separable outcomes.
Formation of root nodules. More nodules do not necessarily imply more effective nitrogen fixation or greater host benefit.
Systemic feedback restricting additional nodulation after symbiotic signaling has begun. Root-to-shoot and shoot-to-root communication coordinates local initiation with whole-plant status.
TOO MUCH LOVE, a root-localized negative regulator of symbiotic susceptibility targeted by miR2111 in Lotus japonicus.
HYPERNODULATION ABERRANT ROOT FORMATION1, a Lotus japonicus receptor kinase with a shoot role in systemic restriction of nodulation.
The muscular tissue of the heart. Regional myocardial differentiation and growth are distinct from endocardial or supporting-cell development.
The region connecting atrial and ventricular compartments during cardiac development. Its regulatory programme differs from that of rapidly expanding chamber myocardium.
myocardium acquiring chamber-associated growth, structural and electrophysiological properties, distinct from specialized non-chamber territories.
Three-dimensional bending and torsion of the early heart tube. Geometry, left–right patterning, tissue growth and regional cell differentiation contribute distinct aspects.
An early tubular cardiac structure whose construction includes tissue convergence, differentiation and continued addition of cells at its poles.
The inflow end of the developing heart, with progenitors contributing to inflow and atrial regions under species- and stage-specific conditions.
The outflow end of the developing heart, receiving progenitor contributions on a stage-specific schedule.
An early arrangement of cardiogenic tissue before formation of the linear heart tube in the mammalian embryo.
An early cardiac progenitor domain that differentiates into much of the initial myocardium, with major contributions to the left ventricle in mouse. Its boundaries and contributions require stage- and species-specific fate mapping.
Replacement of one position-specific developmental identity by another. Demonstrating it requires positive evidence for the alternative identity as well as loss of the original features.
The timing and ordering of specification, differentiation, tissue movement and maturation. Equal chronological age need not imply equal developmental stage after perturbation.
Movement before air breathing that contributes to fluid-related mechanical stimulation of the developing lung. Physical loading and mature respiratory function are distinct.
The epithelial lining of pulmonary gas-exchange units, containing differently specialized cell types.
An alveolar epithelial cell with secretory functions including surfactant production and context-dependent progenitor activity.
A thin, extended epithelial cell contributing to the gas-exchange surface. Flattening and molecular differentiation should be measured separately.
A localized epithelial primordium of a feather. Its molecular identity and underlying dermal aggregation can be coupled through mechanical and chemical signals.
The ability of a cell or tissue to respond to an instructive signal at a particular stage and location. The same signal can have different effects after competence changes.
A precursor able to produce one or more neural cell types. multipotency is a property of an individual progenitor under tested conditions, not merely of a mixed population.
A neural progenitor with radial processes and context-dependent neuronal or glial outputs. cell morphology, molecular state and traced descendants provide complementary evidence for its role.
Acquisition of neuronal identity and function. Commitment, subtype specification, maturation and survival should be measured separately rather than inferred from one neuronal marker.
Processes directing growing axons to appropriate regions or targets.
The outer tissue layer covering the heart, with developmental contributions to supporting cells and signals affecting myocardial and coronary development.
The inner endothelial lining of the heart, which also provides developmental signals to neighbouring myocardium.
A population of cardiac progenitors that contributes cells to the developing heart after initial heart-tube formation. Retaining a proliferative reservoir allows progressive addition of differentiated myocardium.
Replacement of lost biological structures through organized growth and differentiation. Recovery of mass alone need not demonstrate restoration of the original pattern or function.
A regeneration-associated accumulation of progenitor cells. A blastema need not be a homogeneous pluripotent population; contributors can retain tissue and positional restrictions.
Information allowing a cell to respond according to its location within a developing or regenerating structure. Establishing a positional value and interpreting it as a differentiated outcome are distinct steps.
Persistence of a position-associated cellular identity after the original spatial context or instructive signal changes. It is distinct from simply retaining a differentiated tissue identity.
Formation, regionalization and maturation of the intestine, including its epithelial surface, supporting tissues and renewing cell populations.
Formation of epithelial villi through interactions among growth, tissue constraints and local signalling. The ordering of these events differs between species.
A tissue organization with cells dispersed through extracellular matrix, rather than arranged as a continuous polarized epithelium. Mesenchymal populations differ in origin and developmental potential.
Articles were limited to the first 100 out of 249 total.
Articles by others on the same topic
Where is Anatomy Encoded in Living Systems? by Michael Levin (2022)
Source.- we are very far from full understanding. End game is a design system where you draw the body and it compiles the DNA for you.
- some cool mentions of regeneration