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Multiparticle quantum scattering is factorized when it decomposes into two-body scatterings without particle production or a new irreducible many-body amplitude. The independence of the answer from the order of exchanges imposes the Yang-Baxter equation. Classical pairwise additivity of soliton shifts is a corresponding property of integrable soliton collisions.

For one-dimensional quantum scattering, $t$ is the complex amplitude of the outgoing transmitted wave relative to the incoming wave. The transmission probability is $|t{|}^2$ times the ratio of transmitted and incident flux velocities; with equal asymptotic dispersion it is $|t{|}^2$. A reflectionless potential has $r=0$ and a unit-modulus transmission amplitude whose phase shifts continuum quantization. The supersymmetric factorization of the one-soliton potential gives $t(k)=(k+im)/(k-im)$ for its single-bound-state potential.