Infrared bound 2026-09-28
The infrared bound controls the nonzero Fourier modes of a spin correlation by the inverse lattice dispersion. Its momentum integral is finite in dimension at least three and can force spontaneous magnetization at low temperature.
The spin-length sum rule and Fourier inversion give
The zero mode contains the square of the field-directed magnetization, while the infrared bound controls all nonzero modes. After and then ,
Near zero, , so the integral is finite exactly when . Choose larger than the resulting finite constant. Then for the right side is positive, and .
If before , every finite torus retains global symmetry and its magnetization is zero. The reversed iterated limit is therefore zero. The order of limits is what permits spontaneous magnetization.