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An electrical circuit connects components that carry electric current and sustain electric potential difference differences. Its dynamics may couple electrical resistance, inductance and capacitance.

With no electrical resistance or applied electric potential difference, divide the equation by the inductance $L$ to get a simple harmonic oscillator with angular frequency ${\omega }_0=(LC{)}^{-1/2}$. Its general real solution isEach nonzero solution has period $2\pi \sqrt{LC}$. Here ${\omega }_0$ is an angular frequency; the ordinary frequency in cycles per unit time is ${\omega }_0/(2\pi )$.

An RLC circuit combines electrical resistance, inductance and capacitance. Stored energy can oscillate between magnetic and electric forms, while Joule heating dissipates it.